PHP路由的基础 [英] The basics of php routing

问题描述

我正在寻找有关如何进行非常基本的php路由的教程或解释.

I'm looking for a tutorial or explaination on how to do very basic php routing.

例如，当我访问诸如mywebsite.com/users之类的链接时，我想运行route类的get方法来提供数据，就像laravel一样.

For example when I visit a link like: mywebsite.com/users I want to run the get method of a route class to provide the data, in the same way laravel does it.

Route::get('users', function()
{
    return 'Users!';
});

有人可以解释如何执行此操作或向我提供更多信息吗?

Can somebody explain how to do this or provide me with some more information?

推荐答案

在最常见的配置中，PHP依赖Web服务器进行路由.这是通过将请求路径映射到文件来完成的:如果您请求www.example.org/test.php，则Web服务器实际上将在预定义目录中查找名为test.php的文件.

In its most common configuration, PHP relies on the web server to do the routing. This is done by mapping the request path to a file: If you request www.example.org/test.php, the web server will actually look for a file named test.php in a pre-defined directory.

有一个方便使用的功能可满足我们的需求:许多Web服务器还允许您调用www.example.org/test.php/hello，它会仍然执行test.php. PHP使通过$_SERVER['PATH_INFO']变量可访问请求路径中的其他内容.在这种情况下，它将包含"/hello".

There is a feature that comes in handy for our purpose: Many web servers also allow you to call www.example.org/test.php/hello and it will still execute test.php. PHP makes the additional stuff in the requested path accessible via the $_SERVER['PATH_INFO'] variable. In this case it would contain "/hello".

使用它，我们可以构建一个非常简单的路由器，如下所示:

Using this, we can build a very simple router like this:

<?php

// First, let's define our list of routes.
// We could put this in a different file and include it in order to separate
// logic and configuration.
$routes = array(
    '/'      => 'Welcome! This is the main page.',
    '/hello' => 'Hello, World!',
    '/users' => 'Users!'
);

// This is our router.
function router($routes)
{
    // Iterate through a given list of routes.
    foreach ($routes as $path => $content) {
        if ($path == $_SERVER['PATH_INFO']) {
            // If the path matches, display its contents and stop the router.
            echo $content;
            return;
        }
    }

    // This can only be reached if none of the routes matched the path.
    echo 'Sorry! Page not found';
}

// Execute the router with our list of routes.
router($routes);

?>

为简单起见，我没有将路由器定为一类.但是从现在开始，这也不应该成为问题.

For the sake of simplicity, I did not make the router a class. But from here on, that shouldn't be a problem either.

假设我们将这个文件命名为index.php.现在，我们可以调用www.example.org/index.php/hello来获得一个不错的"Hello，World！".信息.或www.example.org/index.php/进入主页.

Let's assume we named this file index.php. We can now call www.example.org/index.php/hello to get a nice "Hello, World!" message. Or www.example.org/index.php/ to get the main page.

该URL中的"index.php"仍然很丑陋，但是我们可以使用URL重写来解决此问题.在Apache HTTPD中，您可以将.htaccess文件放在具有以下内容的相同目录中:

The "index.php" in that URL is still ugly, but we can fix this by using URL rewriting. In Apache HTTPD you would put a .htaccess file in the same directory with the following content:

RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php/$1

您在那里！您自己的路由器，逻辑代码少于10行(不计算注释和路由列表).

And there you are! Your very own router with under 10 lines of logic code (not counting comments and the routes list).

这篇关于PHP路由的基础的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！