PyQt:QScrollArea中的小部件的环绕式布局 [英] PyQt: wrap-around layout of widgets inside a QScrollArea

问题描述

我正在开发一个使用PyQt4记忆文本的应用程序.我想在气泡中显示所有单词，以便您看到单词有多长.但是，当我的QScrollArea中包含所有气泡时，它们在一个气泡的下面对齐.我希望它们并排对齐，但要用自动换行.

I am developing an app for memorizing text using PyQt4. I want to show all the words in bubbles so that you see how long the word is. But when I have all the bubbles in my QScrollArea, they are aligned one under the other. I would like to have them aligned side-by-side, but with word-wrap.

我使用带有圆形边框的QLabel来使气泡工作.但是现在我在QLabel's中有了单词，PyQt不再将它们视为单词-而是小部件.因此，PyQt将一个小部件放在另一个小部件之下.我希望这些小部件并排对齐，直到它们到达该行的末尾，然后它们应该环绕到下一行-这意味着QLabel's应该像文本文档中的单词一样起作用.

I got the bubbles to work using a QLabel with rounded borders. But now that I have the words in QLabel's, PyQt doesn't consider them as words - but as widgets. So PyQt puts one widget under the other. I would like the widgets to be aligned side-by-side until they reach the end of the line, and then they should wrap around to the next line - meaning the QLabel's should act like words in a text document.

到目前为止，这是我的代码:

Here is my code so far:

f = open(r'myFile.txt')

class Bubble(QtGui.QLabel):
    def __init__(self, text):
        super(Bubble, self).__init__(text)
        self.word = text
        self.setContentsMargins(5, 5, 5, 5)

    def paintEvent(self, e):
        p = QtGui.QPainter(self)
        p.setRenderHint(QtGui.QPainter.Antialiasing,True)
        p.drawRoundedRect(0,0,self.width()-1,self.height()-1,5,5)
        super(Bubble, self).paintEvent(e)


class MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, text, parent=None):
        QtGui.QMainWindow.__init__(self, parent)
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.MainArea = QtGui.QScrollArea
        self.widget = QtGui.QWidget()
        vbox = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
        self.words = []
        for t in re.findall(r'\b\w+\b', text):
            label = Bubble(t)
            label.setFont(QtGui.QFont('SblHebrew', 18))
            label.setFixedWidth(label.sizeHint().width())
            self.words.append(label)
            vbox.addWidget(label)
        self.widget.setLayout(vbox)
        self.MainArea.setWidget(self.widget)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    import sys
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    myWindow = MainWindow(f.read(), None)
    myWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

当我运行它时，我得到:

When I run this I get:

但是我希望单词(包含单词的Qlabel's)彼此相邻，而不是彼此相邻，像这样(photoshopped):

But I would like the words (the Qlabel's containing the words) to be next to each other, not under each other, like this (photoshopped):

我已经做了很多研究，但是没有答案可以帮助我将小部件彼此对齐.

I've been doing a lot of research, but no answers help me align the widgets next to each other.

推荐答案

我认为可能可以在QTextBrowser小部件中使用html，但这是Qt的

I thought it might be possible to use html in a QTextBrowser widget for this, but Qt's rich-text engine doesn't support the border-radius CSS property which would be needed for the bubble labels.

因此，您似乎需要流布局示例.这样可以包装"容器内的一组小部件，还可以调整边距和水平/垂直间距.

So it looks like you need a PyQt port of the Flow Layout example. This can "word-wrap" a collection of widgets inside a container, and also allows the margins and horizontal/vertical spacing to be adjusted.

这是一个演示脚本，该脚本实现了FlowLayout类并显示了如何在您的示例中使用它:

Here is a demo script that implements the FlowLayout class and shows how to use it with your example:

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui

class FlowLayout(QtGui.QLayout):
    def __init__(self, parent=None, margin=-1, hspacing=-1, vspacing=-1):
        super(FlowLayout, self).__init__(parent)
        self._hspacing = hspacing
        self._vspacing = vspacing
        self._items = []
        self.setContentsMargins(margin, margin, margin, margin)

    def __del__(self):
        del self._items[:]

    def addItem(self, item):
        self._items.append(item)

    def horizontalSpacing(self):
        if self._hspacing >= 0:
            return self._hspacing
        else:
            return self.smartSpacing(
                QtGui.QStyle.PM_LayoutHorizontalSpacing)

    def verticalSpacing(self):
        if self._vspacing >= 0:
            return self._vspacing
        else:
            return self.smartSpacing(
                QtGui.QStyle.PM_LayoutVerticalSpacing)

    def count(self):
        return len(self._items)

    def itemAt(self, index):
        if 0 <= index < len(self._items):
            return self._items[index]

    def takeAt(self, index):
        if 0 <= index < len(self._items):
            return self._items.pop(index)

    def expandingDirections(self):
        return QtCore.Qt.Orientations(0)

    def hasHeightForWidth(self):
        return True

    def heightForWidth(self, width):
        return self.doLayout(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, width, 0), True)

    def setGeometry(self, rect):
        super(FlowLayout, self).setGeometry(rect)
        self.doLayout(rect, False)

    def sizeHint(self):
        return self.minimumSize()

    def minimumSize(self):
        size = QtCore.QSize()
        for item in self._items:
            size = size.expandedTo(item.minimumSize())
        left, top, right, bottom = self.getContentsMargins()
        size += QtCore.QSize(left + right, top + bottom)
        return size

    def doLayout(self, rect, testonly):
        left, top, right, bottom = self.getContentsMargins()
        effective = rect.adjusted(+left, +top, -right, -bottom)
        x = effective.x()
        y = effective.y()
        lineheight = 0
        for item in self._items:
            widget = item.widget()
            hspace = self.horizontalSpacing()
            if hspace == -1:
                hspace = widget.style().layoutSpacing(
                    QtGui.QSizePolicy.PushButton,
                    QtGui.QSizePolicy.PushButton, QtCore.Qt.Horizontal)
            vspace = self.verticalSpacing()
            if vspace == -1:
                vspace = widget.style().layoutSpacing(
                    QtGui.QSizePolicy.PushButton,
                    QtGui.QSizePolicy.PushButton, QtCore.Qt.Vertical)
            nextX = x + item.sizeHint().width() + hspace
            if nextX - hspace > effective.right() and lineheight > 0:
                x = effective.x()
                y = y + lineheight + vspace
                nextX = x + item.sizeHint().width() + hspace
                lineheight = 0
            if not testonly:
                item.setGeometry(
                    QtCore.QRect(QtCore.QPoint(x, y), item.sizeHint()))
            x = nextX
            lineheight = max(lineheight, item.sizeHint().height())
        return y + lineheight - rect.y() + bottom

    def smartSpacing(self, pm):
        parent = self.parent()
        if parent is None:
            return -1
        elif parent.isWidgetType():
            return parent.style().pixelMetric(pm, None, parent)
        else:
            return parent.spacing()

class Bubble(QtGui.QLabel):
    def __init__(self, text):
        super(Bubble, self).__init__(text)
        self.word = text
        self.setContentsMargins(5, 5, 5, 5)

    def paintEvent(self, event):
        painter = QtGui.QPainter(self)
        painter.setRenderHint(QtGui.QPainter.Antialiasing, True)
        painter.drawRoundedRect(
            0, 0, self.width() - 1, self.height() - 1, 5, 5)
        super(Bubble, self).paintEvent(event)

class MainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, text, parent=None):
        super(MainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
        self.mainArea = QtGui.QScrollArea(self)
        self.mainArea.setWidgetResizable(True)
        widget = QtGui.QWidget(self.mainArea)
        widget.setMinimumWidth(50)
        layout = FlowLayout(widget)
        self.words = []
        for word in text.split():
            label = Bubble(word)
            label.setFont(QtGui.QFont('SblHebrew', 18))
            label.setFixedWidth(label.sizeHint().width())
            self.words.append(label)
            layout.addWidget(label)
        self.mainArea.setWidget(widget)
        self.setCentralWidget(self.mainArea)

if __name__ == '__main__':

    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = MainWindow('Harry Potter is a series of fantasy literature')
    window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

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