ld链接问题:/usr/bin/ld:找不到[库名] [英] ld linkage problems: /usr/bin/ld: cannot find [libraryname]
问题描述
我正在使用Qmake在Ubuntu 9.10上构建共享库
Im using Qmake to build a shared library on Ubuntu 9.10
此共享库(A)依赖于另一个共享库(B).
This shared library (A) has a dependency on another shared library (B).
项目B已成功构建.
在项目A的.pro文件中，我的LIBS变量如下所示:
in the .pro file for project A, my LIBS variable looks like this:
LIBS += -L../datelib/bin -llibdatelib_release.so.1.0.0
(我使用了完整的shlib名称，因为库的版本不同.)
(I used the full shlib name because the library versions are different.)
无论如何，当我尝试构建项目A时，它会在链接阶段中断，并显示错误消息:
In any case, when I attempt to build project A, it breaks at the linkage stage, and prints the error message:
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -llibdatelib_release.so.1.0.0
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[1]: ***[bin/libprojecta_release.so.6.0.0] Error 1
make ***[release] Error 2
Exited with code 2
从错误消息中，我以为ld抱怨无法找到libdatelib文件，因此我手动将其复制到/usr/lib/
From the error message, I thought ld was complaining that it could not locate the libdatelib file, so I manually copied it to /usr/lib/
但是，这并不能解决问题，并且我收到了相同的错误消息.
however, that did not solve the problem, and I am getting the same error message.
有人知道如何解决这个问题吗?
Anyone knows how to fix this?
我对使用gcc进行构建非常陌生.我知道如何创建符号链接，但是我要为lnk命令使用哪些路径?我要链接的文件位于/home/username/work/cppdev/datelib/bin.
I'm quite new to building using gcc. I know how to create symbolic links, but which paths do I use for the lnk command?. The file I want to link to is in /home/username/work/cppdev/datelib/bin.
我使用的构建系统(qmake)也会在构建过程中自动创建符号链接，因此我的/home/username/work/cppdev/datelib/bin文件夹中已经包含以下文件:
Also the build system I use (qmake), automatically creates symbolic links as part of the build, so I already have the following files in my /home/username/work/cppdev/datelib/bin folder:
- libdatelib_release.so(符号链接)
- libdatelib_release.so.1(符号链接)
- libdatelib_release.so.1.0(符号链接)
- libdatelib_release.so.1.0.0(共享库)
我可能不得不问另一个问题，以解释为什么有这么多的符号链接(是什么意思?)，为什么我不能直接链接到共享库，而必须通过符号链接.我已经阅读了一些在线文档，但是到目前为止，我所看到的似乎更像是字典/传统，而不是实际的技术原因，为什么在Linux上进行链接时需要这种抽象级别.
I may have to ask another question to explain why there are so many symlinks (whats the point?), and why I cant just link directly to a shared lib, but have to go through a symbolic link. I've read some online docs, but what I've seen so far seems more like dictum/tradition rather than actual technical reasons WHY this level of abstraction is required when linking on Linux.
推荐答案
您不能那样使用-l. -l只能通过-lFOO查找具有libFOO.so之类名称的内容.如果要在构建中像这样指定它，则需要一个没有版本号的符号链接.
You can't use -l that way. -l can only find things with names like libFOO.so, via -lFOO. You need a symbolic link without the version number if you want to specify it like this in the build.
类似的东西:
ln -s /the/path/to/the/libthing.so.1.0.0 /the/path/to/the/libthing.so
现在-lthing就可以了.
Now -lthing will work.
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