D3-向简单折线图添加网格 [英] D3 - adding grid to simple line chart
本文介绍了D3-向简单折线图添加网格的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
在下面的简单折线图中，我想将网格添加到x和y轴.有人可以帮我吗?
In the following simple line chart, I want to add grid to x and y axis. Can someone help me in that?
SNIPPET:
<html>
<head>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/angular.js/1.4.12/angular.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/4.3.0/d3.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">
<svg></svg>
<script>
//module declaration
var app = angular.module('myApp',[]);
//Controller declaration
app.controller('myCtrl',function($scope){
$scope.svgWidth = 800;//svg Width
$scope.svgHeight = 500;//svg Height
//Data in proper format
var data = [
{"letter": "A","frequency": "5.01"},
{"letter": "B","frequency": "7.80"},
{"letter": "C","frequency": "15.35"},
{"letter": "D","frequency": "22.70"},
{"letter": "E","frequency": "34.25"},
{"letter": "F","frequency": "10.21"},
{"letter": "G","frequency": "7.68"},
];
//removing prior svg elements ie clean up svg
d3.select('svg').selectAll("*").remove();
//resetting svg height and width in current svg
d3.select("svg").attr("width", $scope.svgWidth).attr("height", $scope.svgHeight);
//Setting up of our svg with proper calculations
var svg = d3.select("svg");
var margin = {top: 20, right: 20, bottom: 30, left: 40};
var width = svg.attr("width") - margin.left - margin.right;
var height = svg.attr("height") - margin.top - margin.bottom;
//Plotting our base area in svg in which chart will be shown
var g = svg.append("g").attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");
//X and Y scaling
var x = d3.scaleBand().rangeRound([0, width]).padding(0.4);
var y = d3.scaleLinear().rangeRound([height, 0]);
x.domain(data.map(function(d) { return d.letter; }));
y.domain([0, d3.max(data, function(d) { return +d.frequency; })]);
//Final Plotting
//for x axis
g.append("g")
.call(d3.axisBottom(x))
.attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")");
//for y axis
g.append("g")
.call(d3.axisLeft(y))
.append("text").attr("transform", "rotate(-90)").attr("text-anchor", "end");
//the line function for path
var lineFunction = d3.line()
.x(function(d) {return x(d.letter); })
.y(function(d) { return y(d.frequency); })
.curve(d3.curveLinear);
//defining the lines
var path = g.append("path");
//plotting lines
path
.attr("d", lineFunction(data))
.attr("stroke", "blue")
.attr("stroke-width", 2)
.attr("fill", "none");
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
结果:
请帮助我找到如何在x和y轴上向图表添加网格.
Please, help me in finding how to add grids to the chart on both x and y axis.
推荐答案
创建网格线的主要方法有两种，其中一种是将innerTickSize设置为负数(请参见
There are two main ways to create the grid lines, one of them is setting innerTickSize to a negative number (see this other answer). The problem with this approach is that you lose the outward ticks. So, I'll explain the second way:
首先，为两个轴设置一个类:
First, set a class for both your axes:
//for x axis
g.append("g")
.attr("class", "xAxis")
.call(d3.axisBottom(x))
.attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")");
//for y axis
g.append("g")
.attr("class", "yAxis")
.call(d3.axisLeft(y))
.append("text").attr("transform", "rotate(-90)").attr("text-anchor", "end");
然后，使用这些类，添加以下行:
And then, using these classes, append the lines:
d3.selectAll("g.yAxis g.tick")
.append("line")
.attr("class", "gridline")
.attr("x1", 0)
.attr("y1", 0)
.attr("x2", width)
.attr("y2", 0);
d3.selectAll("g.xAxis g.tick")
.append("line")
.attr("class", "gridline")
.attr("x1", 0)
.attr("y1", -height)
.attr("x2", 0)
.attr("y2", 0);
这是一个演示:
//Data in proper format
var data = [
{"letter": "A","frequency": "5.01"},
{"letter": "B","frequency": "7.80"},
{"letter": "C","frequency": "15.35"},
{"letter": "D","frequency": "22.70"},
{"letter": "E","frequency": "34.25"},
{"letter": "F","frequency": "10.21"},
{"letter": "G","frequency": "7.68"},
];
var width = 500, height = 300;
//removing prior svg elements ie clean up svg
d3.select('svg').selectAll("*").remove();
//resetting svg height and width in current svg
d3.select("svg").attr("width", width).attr("height", height);
//Setting up of our svg with proper calculations
var svg = d3.select("svg");
var margin = {top: 20, right: 20, bottom: 30, left: 40};
var width = svg.attr("width") - margin.left - margin.right;
var height = svg.attr("height") - margin.top - margin.bottom;
//Plotting our base area in svg in which chart will be shown
var g = svg.append("g").attr("transform", "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");
//X and Y scaling
var x = d3.scaleBand().rangeRound([0, width]).padding(0.4);
var y = d3.scaleLinear().rangeRound([height, 0]);
x.domain(data.map(function(d) { return d.letter; }));
y.domain([0, d3.max(data, function(d) { return +d.frequency; })]);
//Final Plotting
//for x axis
g.append("g")
.attr("class", "xAxis")
.call(d3.axisBottom(x))
.attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")");
//for y axis
g.append("g")
.attr("class", "yAxis")
.call(d3.axisLeft(y))
.append("text").attr("transform", "rotate(-90)").attr("text-anchor", "end");
d3.selectAll("g.yAxis g.tick")
.append("line")
.attr("class", "gridline")
.attr("x1", 0)
.attr("y1", 0)
.attr("x2", width)
.attr("y2", 0);
d3.selectAll("g.xAxis g.tick")
.append("line")
.attr("class", "gridline")
.attr("x1", 0)
.attr("y1", -height)
.attr("x2", 0)
.attr("y2", 0);
//the line function for path
var lineFunction = d3.line()
.x(function(d) {return x(d.letter); })
.y(function(d) { return y(d.frequency); })
.curve(d3.curveLinear);
//defining the lines
var path = g.append("path");
//plotting lines
path
.attr("d", lineFunction(data))
.attr("stroke", "blue")
.attr("stroke-width", 2)
.attr("fill", "none");
.gridline{
stroke: black;
shape-rendering: crispEdges;
stroke-opacity: .2;
}
<script src="https://d3js.org/d3.v4.min.js"></script>
<svg></svg>
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