将GSL(或其他库)静态链接到共享库中 [英] Linking GSL (or other library) statically into a shared library

问题描述

注意:尽管以下提到了Python，但我的问题还是有一个根本不与Python相关的好机会.如果我没有记错的话，我提到的模块"等效于C库-至少是出于我所担心的问题.

Note: Despite the mentioning of Python in the following there is a good chance for my problem not to be Python related at all. If I am not mistaken the "module" I mention is equivalent to a C library—at least for the concerns of my problem.

在Debian上，我试图用C创建一个Python模块，该模块又使用GSL.以下Makefile成功编译了它:

On Debian I am trying to create a Python module with C, which in turn uses the GSL. The following Makefile successfully compiles it:

CC = gcc -Wall -fPIC -O3
NAME = meinzeug

matrizenwuerfler: $(SRC)
$(CC) -o $(NAME).o -I/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/numpy/core/include -I/usr/include/python2.5 -c $(NAME).c
$(CC) -shared -o $(NAME).so -lgsl -lgslcblas -lm $(NAME).o

由于该模块应该由我以外的(Linux)机器使用，因此我希望将GSL包含在该模块中(或随其一起提供).

Because this module is supposed to be used by (Linux) machines other than mine, I want the GSL to be included into the module (or be shipped with it).

但是，如果将-static作为选项添加到Makefile的最后一行，则会出现以下错误:

However, if I add -static as option to the last line of the Makefile, I get the following error:

gcc -Wall -fPIC -O3 -shared -static -o meinzeug.so -lgsl -lgslcblas -lm meinzeug.o
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.3.2/crtbeginT.o: relocation R_X86_64_32 against `__DTOR_END__' can not be used when making a shared object; recompile with -fPIC
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.3.2/crtbeginT.o: could not read symbols: Bad value
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

在库链接之前添加-Wl,-Bstatic会导致不同的错误:

Adding -Wl,-Bstatic before the library linking results in a different error:

gcc -Wall -fPIC -O3 -shared -o meinzeug.so -Wl,-Bstatic -lgsl -lgslcblas -lm meinzeug.o
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc_s
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

其他无效的东西:用fPIC，-static-libgcc重新编译GSL，排列选项. 我还没有尝试过，是使用fPIC或类似程序编译gcc.

Other Stuff, that did not work: Recompiling GSL with fPIC, -static-libgcc, permutating the options. What I did not try yet, is compiling gcc with fPIC or similar.

推荐答案

尝试

gcc -Wall -fPIC -O3 -shared -o meinzeug.so /usr/lib/libgsl.a -lm meinzeug.

因为你做不到

gcc -Wall -fPIC -O3 -shared -static ...   # shared and static at the same time ?

因此您将在代码中提供GSL的静态库.

so you would provide the static library of GSL alongside with your code.

最终，我会继续下注并保持对GSL的依赖.几乎每个人都拥有它，并且该API相当稳定.

At the end of the day, I would punt and keep the dependency on the GSL. Just about everybody has it, and the API is pretty stable.

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