使用-rpath和$ ORIGIN链接时查找失败 [英] Lookup failure when linking using -rpath and $ORIGIN

问题描述

我正在尝试学习如何将GCC链接器(ld)中的-rpath选项与$ORIGIN一起使用.

I'm trying to learn how to use the -rpath option in GCC's linker (ld) with $ORIGIN.

我正在尝试我能想到的最简单的示例(请参阅下文)，并且我阅读的所有链接似乎都表明我做得正确.

I'm trying the simplest example I can think of (see below), and all the links I read seem to say I'm doing it correctly.

但是，当我运行可执行文件时，除非从$ORIGIN内部运行共享对象，否则找不到共享对象.

However, when I run the executable it can't find the shared object unless I run it from within $ORIGIN.

在可执行文件(main.run)上使用readelf -d显示:

Using readelf -d on the executable (main.run) shows:

0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [lib/foo.so]
...
0x000000000000000f (RPATH) Library rpath: [$ORIGIN]
...

文件结构(相关文件)为:

The file structure (relevant files) is:

• /make/test/dll_test/
  • main.run
  • lib/
    • foo.so
    • /make/test/dll_test/
      • main.run
      • lib/
        • foo.so

        从dll_test内部执行可以正常工作. 从其他地方执行(/make/test)会出现错误:

        Executing from within dll_test works fine. Executing from elsewhere (/make/test) gives the error:

        dll_test/main.run:加载时出错 共享库:lib/foo.so:不能 打开共享对象文件:无此文件 或目录

        dll_test/main.run: error while loading shared libraries: lib/foo.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

        我使用的是-l:foo.so而不是-lfoo，但这不应该有任何影响(我希望).

        I'm using -l:foo.so instead of -lfoo, but this shouldn't affect anything (I hope).

        
        

        
        int foo()
            { return 1; }
        

        dll_test/src/main.cpp

        
        int foo();
        
        #include <iostream>
        
        
        int main()
          {
            std::cout << foo() << std::endl;
          }
        

        
        

        
        mkdir -p -v obj
        mkdir -p -v lib
        
        g++ -c -o obj/foo.o src/foo.cpp -fPIC
        g++ -shared -o lib/foo.so obj/foo.o
        
        g++ -c -o obj/main.o src/main.cpp
        g++ -o main.run obj/main.o -Wl,-rpath,'$ORIGIN' -Llib -l:foo.so
        

        
        
        

        
        
        

        要构建，请在它们各自的位置创建这些文件，然后只需在dll_test(或项目根目录所在的位置)内运行"sh make.sh". 它应该生成"dll_test/main.run".

        To build, create these files in their respective locations and simply run "sh make.sh" from within dll_test (or wherever the project root is). It should generate "dll_test/main.run".

        从dll_test中运行"main.run"应该可以工作(打印1).
        从dll_test中运行"main.run"失败.为什么?

        Running "main.run" from within dll_test should work (prints 1).
        Running "main.run" from within dll_test fails. Why?

        此外，foo.so的路径以[lib/foo.so]的形式存储在main.run中.我可以将其设为[foo.so]，以便使用-Wl，-rpath，'$ ORIGIN/lib'吗?

        Also, foo.so's path stored in main.run as [lib/foo.so]. Can I get it to be [foo.so] so I can use the -Wl,-rpath,'$ORIGIN/lib' ?

        推荐答案

        您需要-Wl,-rpath,'$ORIGIN/lib'而不是'$ORIGIN'.

        edit:您实际上是在输入-l:foo.so吗?似乎很奇怪...您应该对-Wl,-rpath,'$ORIGIN/lib' -Llib -lfoo.so没问题.如果这不起作用，请将-Wl,-soname,libfoo.so添加到共享库的链接器命令中.我不太肯定这会解决"lib/foo.so"问题，但是值得一试:)

        edit: Are you actually entering -l:foo.so? That seems odd... you should be just fine with -Wl,-rpath,'$ORIGIN/lib' -Llib -lfoo.so. If that doesn't work, add -Wl,-soname,libfoo.so to the linker command for your shared library. I'm not positive that this will fix the "lib/foo.so" issue, but it's worth a shot :)

        这篇关于使用-rpath和$ ORIGIN链接时查找失败的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！