如何使用cut为分隔符指定更多空间? [英] How to specify more spaces for the delimiter using cut?

问题描述

是否有任何方法可以使用cut命令为更多空间指定字段定界符? (例如"+")? 例如:在以下字符串中，我希望达到值"3744"，我应该说什么字段定界符?

Is there any way to specify a field delimiter for more spaces with the cut command? (like " "+) ? For example: In the following string, I like to reach value '3744', what field delimiter I should say?

$ps axu | grep jboss

jboss     2574  0.0  0.0   3744  1092 ?        S    Aug17   0:00 /bin/sh /usr/java/jboss/bin/run.sh -c example.com -b 0.0.0.0

cut -d' '不是我想要的，因为它仅用于一个空格. awk也不是我要找的东西，而是如何处理剪切"?

cut -d' ' is not what I want, for it's only for one single space. awk is not what I am looking for either, but how to do with 'cut'?

谢谢.

推荐答案

实际上awk是完全您应该关注的工具:

Actually awk is exactly the tool you should be looking into:

ps axu | grep '[j]boss' | awk '{print $5}'

或者您可以完全放弃grep，因为awk知道正则表达式:

or you can ditch the grep altogether since awk knows about regular expressions:

ps axu | awk '/[j]boss/ {print $5}'

但是，如果出于某种奇怪的原因，您真的不能使用awk，那么您还可以执行其他一些更简单的操作，例如首先将所有空格折叠到一个空格中:

But if, for some bizarre reason, you really can't use awk, there are other simpler things you can do, like collapse all whitespace to a single space first:

ps axu | grep '[j]boss' | sed 's/\s\s*/ /g' | cut -d' ' -f5

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顺便说一下，grep技巧是一种仅获得jboss进程而不是grep jboss进程(也适用于awk变体的同上)的巧妙方法.

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That grep trick, by the way, is a neat way to only get the jboss processes and not the grep jboss one (ditto for the awk variant as well).

grep进程的进程命令中将带有文字grep [j]boss，因此不会被grep本身捕获，grep本身正在寻找字符类[j]后跟boss.

The grep process will have a literal grep [j]boss in its process command so will not be caught by the grep itself, which is looking for the character class [j] followed by boss.

这是避免某些人使用的| grep xyz | grep -v grep范例的好方法.

This is a nifty way to avoid the | grep xyz | grep -v grep paradigm that some people use.

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