如何重命名bash中的文件以增加名称? [英] How to rename files in bash to increase number in name?

问题描述

我有几千个文件，命名如下:

I have a few thousand files named as follows:

Cyprinus_carpio_600_nanopore_trim_reads.fasta                
Cyprinus_carpio_700_nanopore_trim_reads.fasta               
Cyprinus_carpio_800_nanopore_trim_reads.fasta                
Cyprinus_carpio_900_nanopore_trim_reads.fasta 
Vibrio_cholerae_3900_nanopore_trim_reads.fasta

对于前两个单词的80个变体(80个不同的种类)，我想重命名所有这些文件，以使数字增加100-例如:

for 80 variations of the first two words (80 different species), i would like to rename all of these files such that the number is increased by 100 - for example:

Vibrio_cholerae_3900_nanopore_trim_reads.fasta 

将成为

Vibrio_cholerae_4000_nanopore_trim_reads.fasta

或

Cyprinus_carpio_300_nanopore_trim_reads.fasta

将成为

Cyprinus_carpio_400_nanopore_trim_reads.fasta

不幸的是，我无法弄清楚如何重命名它们，我对遵循

Unfortunately I can't work out how to get to rename them, i've had some luck with following the solutions on https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/40523/rename-files-by-incrementing-a-number-within-the-filename

但是我无法在名称中使用它，如果有帮助，我可以在Ubuntu 18.04上运行

But i can't get it to work for the inside of the name, i'm running on Ubuntu 18.04 if that helps

推荐答案

如果您可以掌握Perl风格的rename版本，则很简单，就像这样:

If you can get hold of the Perl-flavoured version of rename, that is simple like this:

rename -n 's/(\d+)/$1 + 100/e' *fasta

示例输出

'Ciprianus_maximus_11_fred.fasta' would be renamed to 'Ciprianus_maximus_111_fred.fasta'
'Ciprianus_maximus_300_fred.fasta' would be renamed to 'Ciprianus_maximus_400_fred.fasta'
'Ciprianus_maximus_3900_fred.fasta' would be renamed to 'Ciprianus_maximus_4000_fred.fasta'

如果您看不懂Perl，则表示... 执行以下单个替换.无论何时在一行中看到一串彼此相邻的数字(\d+)，请记住它们(因为我将其放在括号中)，然后将其替换为该串数字的计算表达式($1)加100." .

If you can't read Perl, that says... "Do a single substitution as follows. Wherever you see a bunch of digits next to each other in a row (\d+), remember them (because I put that in parentheses), and then replace them with the evaluated expression of that bunch of digits ($1) plus 100.".

如果空运行看起来正确，则删除-n.唯一的棘手部分" 是替换结尾处使用e，这意味着求值替换中的表达式-或者我称其为 计算得出的替换" .

Remove the -n if the dry-run looks correct. The only "tricky part" is the use of e at the end of the substitution which means evaluate the expression in the substitution - or I call it a "calculated replacement".

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