如何更新make 3.81 linux [英] how to update make 3.81 linux

问题描述

我是Linux的新手(昨天安装了它的新手)，在大学的编程课程中需要它，并且被告知要安装特定程序的特定版本，但是尽管我使用apt-get安装以安装它们(以前已经进行过apt-get更新)，它们的版本不正确.

I am new to Linux (new as in installed it yesterday), I need it for my programming course in the university and I've been told to install specific versions of specific programs, but though I've used apt-get install to install them (having previously done apt-get update) they aren't in the correct version.

我需要的程序是make 4.0和valgrind 3.10.1.

The programs that I need are make 4.0 and valgrind 3.10.1.

apt-get安装make 3.81和valgrind 3.10.0.SVN.

apt-get installs make 3.81 and valgrind 3.10.0.SVN.

我尝试键入"apt-get install make4.0"和"apt-get install valgrind10.3.1"无济于事.我已经从互联网上下载了它们，并按照我可以理解的安装新版本的说明进行操作，但一直说我有旧版本. (我不确定是否可以在这里发布直接链接，如果可以让我知道，我会在哪里发布它们).

I have tried typing "apt-get install make4.0" and "apt-get install valgrind10.3.1" to no avail. I have downloaded them from the internet and followed what instructions I could understand to install the newer versions but it keeps saying that I have the older ones. (I'm not sure if I can post direct links here, if I can let me know and I'll post where I got them from).

我做错了什么?我该如何解决?

What have I been doing wrong? How can I fix this?

我当前正在运行Linux Mint.

I am currently running Linux Mint.

感谢您提前提出任何答案.

Thanks for any answer in advance.

推荐答案

由于长期以来未解决的Debian错误报告，GNU Make在Debian中一直保持3.81的悠久历史，因此，基于Debian的发行版，例如Ubuntu和Mint.

Due to a long-standing unresolved Debian bug report, GNU Make remained the age-old 3.81 in Debian for a very long time, and as a consequence, in Debian-based distributions such as Ubuntu and Mint.

最新的Debian版本Jessie已升级到4.0 ，因此Debian-基于基础的发行版将进行升级.但是，最好使用4.1

The latest Debian release, Jessie, has upgraded to 4.0, so Debian-based distributions will have that upgrade. However, it is better to use 4.1.

在GNU Make邮件列表和其他地方上已经讨论了很多次.

This has been discussed many times on the GNU Make mailing list and elsewhere.

因此，要获取较新的版本，必须从头开始进行编译. 这很简单:

So to get a newer version, you must compile it from scratch. This is easy:

1. 安装所需的软件包(gcc，make等).
2. 打开一个外壳程序(如果使用的是GUI，则是一个终端窗口).

3. 键入以下命令(或类似的命令，例如，您可以使用curl代替wget):

1. Install the required packages (gcc, make and such).
2. Open up a shell (if you're using the GUI, a terminal window).

3. Type the following commands (or something equivalent, e.g. you can use curl instead of wget):

cd /tmp
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/make-4.1.tar.gz
tar xvf make-4.1.tar.gz
cd make-4.1/
./configure
make
sudo make install
cd ..
rm -rf make-4.1.tar.gz make-4.1

现在，make 4.1在/usr/local/bin/make中.

您可以使用whereis make验证它是否存在.

You can verify it is there with whereis make.

您可以通过在外壳启动文件中的$PATH变量前面加上/usr/local/bin使其成为默认的make；例如，如果使用bash shell，则在.profile或.bashrc中.

You can make it your default make by prefixing /usr/local/bin to your $PATH variable in your shell startup file; for instance, in .profile or .bashrc if you use the bash shell.

不要尝试将自编译的make(或其他任何不是来自发行版软件包管理器的东西)安装到/bin或/usr/bin中；这样做会使您的包裹管理器感到困惑.

Don't try to install a self-compiled make (or anything else that doesn't come from the distribution's package manager) into /bin or /usr/bin; doing that will confuse your package manager.

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