“或"序言中的程序 [英] "Or" procedure in prolog

问题描述

我正在为大学做一个序幕程序，有点像cluedo游戏.我有六个性格各异的犯罪嫌疑人:

I'm doing a prolog program for college that is a bit like the cluedo game. I have six suspects with different traits:

suspect(Name, Age, Weapon, Shape, Object, Shoes)

目标是实施一系列线索，以便程序说出这六个嫌疑犯的不同特征.例如:

The goal is to implement a series of clues so that the program says which the different traits of all the six suspects. For example:

suspect(Hannibal Lecter,67,knife,'in good shape',mac,'high heels')

我在尝试实现线索时遇到问题

I'm having problems trying to implement the clue

or(suspect1, suspect2, suspect3, listOfSuspects)

该线索是说suspect1具有与suspect2或与suspect3相同的特征，但不能同时具有两者的特征.示例:要表明50岁的犯罪嫌疑人有戒指或mac，但不能同时拥有:

This clue is supposed to say that the suspect1 has the same traits as suspect2 OR as suspect3 but not both. Example: To indicate that the suspect who is 50 years old has a ring or a mac, but not both:

or(suspect(_, 50, _, _, _, _),
   suspect(_, _, _, _, ring, _),
   suspect(_, _, _, _, mac, _), listOfSuspects).

任何帮助将不胜感激.

推荐答案

以下是一些提示.您可以声明Suspect1具有与Suspect2相同的特征，只是通过Suspect1 = Suspect2，并通过member(Suspect1, Suspects)来确定列表Suspects的任何成员是否具有Suspect1的特征.

Here are some hints. You can state that Suspect1 has the same traits as Suspect2 just by Suspect1 = Suspect2, and to find out whether any member of a list Suspects has the traits of Suspect1 by member(Suspect1, Suspects).

在Prolog中处理析取的通常方法是引入带有两个子句的谓词.例如，用于检查犯罪嫌疑人是否有戒指或Mac的谓词是

The usual way of handling a disjunction in Prolog is by introducing a predicate with two clauses. E.g., a predicate that checks whether a suspect has either a ring or a mac is

ring_or_mac(suspect(_, _, _, _, ring, _)).
ring_or_mac(suspect(_, _, _, _, mac, _)).

如果以正确的方式将这些提示放在一起，就可以解决您的问题.

If you put these hints together in the right way, you have a solution to your problem.

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