Python:列表中的完整字符串与部分字符串的交集 [英] Python: Intersection of full string from list with partial string

问题描述

假设我有一个字符串和一个字符串列表:

Let's say I have a string and a list of strings:

a = 'ABCDEFG'

b = ['ABC', 'QRS', 'AHQ']

我如何拔出列表b中与字符串a的一部分完全匹配的字符串?因此，返回值将类似于['ABC']

How can I pull out the string in list b that matches up perfectly with a section of the string a? So the would return would be something like ['ABC']

最重要的问题是我有数千万个字符串，因此时间效率至关重要.

The most important issue is that I have tens of millions of strings, so that time efficiency is essential.

推荐答案

如果只希望b中的第一个匹配项:

If you only want the first match in b:

next((s for s in b if s in a), None)

这样做的好处是，一旦找到匹配项，就会将其短路，而其他列表解决方案将继续保持下去.如果找不到匹配项，它将返回None.

This has the advantage of short-circuiting as soon as it finds a match whereas the other list solutions will keep going. If no match is found, it will return None.

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