如何使用python的TimedRotatingFileHandler强制旋转名称? [英] How to force a rotating name with python's TimedRotatingFileHandler?

问题描述

我正在尝试使用 TimedRotatingFileHandler 将每日日志保存在单独的日志文件中. 旋转可以按预期工作，但我不喜欢旋转的方式是文件的命名.

I am trying to use TimedRotatingFileHandler to keep daily logs in separate log files. The rotation works perfectly as intended, but what I don't like how it does is the naming of the files.

如果我将日志文件设置为my_log_file.log，则它将是今天的"日志文件，当它在午夜改变时，它将被重命名为my_log_file.log.2014-07-08，结尾没有.log扩展名，并且将为新的一天创建新的my_log_file.log.

If I set a log file as my_log_file.log, this will be the "today's" log file, and when it changes day at midnight it will be renamed to my_log_file.log.2014-07-08 with no .log extension at the end, and a new my_log_file.log will be created for the new day.

我想得到的是将旧文件重命名为my_log_file.2014-07-08.log甚至my_log_file-2014-07-08.log，主要是将.log放在结尾，而不是放在中间. 另外，我想已经用今天的日期来命名今天的"日志文件，就像旧的一样.

What I would like to get is the old file being renamed to my_log_file.2014-07-08.log or even my_log_file-2014-07-08.log, mainly with the .log at the end, not in the middle. Also, I would like to have the "today's" log file being already named with the today's date, just as the old ones.

有什么办法吗?

我发现我可以通过以下方式个性化后缀:

I found that I can personalize the suffix with:

handler.suffix =％Y-％m-％d"

handler.suffix = "%Y-%m-%d"

但是我无法删除内部.log部分并强制当前日志文件添加后缀.

But I do not get the way to remove the inner .log part and to force the current log file to have the suffix added.

推荐答案

我创建了一个ParallelTimedRotatingFileHandler类，其主要目的是允许多个进程并行写入日志文件. 此类解决的并行处理问题是:

I have created a class ParallelTimedRotatingFileHandler mainly aimed at allowing multiple processes writing in parallel to a log file. The problems with parallel processes solved by this class, are:

• 所有进程尝试同时复制或重命名同一文件时的过渡时刻会产生错误.
• 该问题的解决方案正是您建议的命名约定.因此，对于您在处理程序中提供的文件名Service，日志记录不会转到例如. Service.log，但今天到Service.2014-08-18.log，明天到Service.2014-08-19.log.
• 另一种解决方案是以a(附加)模式而不是w模式打开文件以允许并行写入.
• 删除备份文件也需要谨慎，因为多个并行进程正在同时删除同一文件.
• 此实现未考虑leap秒(对于Unix而言，这不是问题).在其他操作系统上，过渡时间仍然可能是30/6/2008 23:59:60，因此日期没有更改，因此，我们使用与昨天相同的文件名.
• 我知道标准的Python建议是不为并行进程预见logging模块，我应该使用SocketHandler，但至少在我的环境中，这是可行的.

• The rollover moment when all processes are trying to copy or rename the same file at the same time, gives errors.
• The solution for this problem was exactly the naming convention you suggest. So, for a file name Service that you supply in the handler, logging does not go to e.g. Service.log but today to Service.2014-08-18.log and tomorrow Service.2014-08-19.log.
• Another solution is to open the files in a (append) mode instead of w to allow parallel writes.
• Deleting the backup files also needs to be done with caution as multiple parallel processes are deleting the same files at the same time.
• This implementation does not take into account leap seconds (which is not a problem for Unix). In other OS, it might still be 30/6/2008 23:59:60 at the rollover moment, so the date has not changed, so, we take the same file name as yesterday.
• I know that the standard Python recommendation is that the logging module is not foreseen for parallel processes, and I should use SocketHandler, but at least in my environment, this works.

该代码只是标准Python handlers.py模块中代码的微小变化.当然是版权所有者的版权.

The code is just a slight variation of the code in the standard Python handlers.py module. Of course copyright to the copyright holders.

这是代码:

import logging
import logging.handlers
import os
import time
import re

class ParallelTimedRotatingFileHandler(logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler):
    def __init__(self, filename, when='h', interval=1, backupCount=0, encoding=None, delay=False, utc=False, postfix = ".log"):

        self.origFileName = filename
        self.when = when.upper()
        self.interval = interval
        self.backupCount = backupCount
        self.utc = utc
        self.postfix = postfix

        if self.when == 'S':
            self.interval = 1 # one second
            self.suffix = "%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S"
            self.extMatch = r"^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}_\d{2}-\d{2}-\d{2}$"
        elif self.when == 'M':
            self.interval = 60 # one minute
            self.suffix = "%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M"
            self.extMatch = r"^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}_\d{2}-\d{2}$"
        elif self.when == 'H':
            self.interval = 60 * 60 # one hour
            self.suffix = "%Y-%m-%d_%H"
            self.extMatch = r"^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}_\d{2}$"
        elif self.when == 'D' or self.when == 'MIDNIGHT':
            self.interval = 60 * 60 * 24 # one day
            self.suffix = "%Y-%m-%d"
            self.extMatch = r"^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$"
        elif self.when.startswith('W'):
            self.interval = 60 * 60 * 24 * 7 # one week
            if len(self.when) != 2:
                raise ValueError("You must specify a day for weekly rollover from 0 to 6 (0 is Monday): %s" % self.when)
            if self.when[1] < '0' or self.when[1] > '6':
                 raise ValueError("Invalid day specified for weekly rollover: %s" % self.when)
            self.dayOfWeek = int(self.when[1])
            self.suffix = "%Y-%m-%d"
            self.extMatch = r"^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$"
        else:
            raise ValueError("Invalid rollover interval specified: %s" % self.when)

        currenttime = int(time.time())
        logging.handlers.BaseRotatingHandler.__init__(self, self.calculateFileName(currenttime), 'a', encoding, delay)

        self.extMatch = re.compile(self.extMatch)
        self.interval = self.interval * interval # multiply by units requested

        self.rolloverAt = self.computeRollover(currenttime)

    def calculateFileName(self, currenttime):
        if self.utc:
             timeTuple = time.gmtime(currenttime)
        else:
             timeTuple = time.localtime(currenttime)

        return self.origFileName + "." + time.strftime(self.suffix, timeTuple) + self.postfix

    def getFilesToDelete(self, newFileName):
        dirName, fName = os.path.split(self.origFileName)
        dName, newFileName = os.path.split(newFileName)

        fileNames = os.listdir(dirName)
        result = []
        prefix = fName + "."
        postfix = self.postfix
        prelen = len(prefix)
        postlen = len(postfix)
        for fileName in fileNames:
            if fileName[:prelen] == prefix and fileName[-postlen:] == postfix and len(fileName)-postlen > prelen and fileName != newFileName:
                 suffix = fileName[prelen:len(fileName)-postlen]
                 if self.extMatch.match(suffix):
                     result.append(os.path.join(dirName, fileName))
        result.sort()
        if len(result) < self.backupCount:
            result = []
        else:
            result = result[:len(result) - self.backupCount]
        return result

     def doRollover(self):
         if self.stream:
            self.stream.close()
            self.stream = None

         currentTime = self.rolloverAt
         newFileName = self.calculateFileName(currentTime)
         newBaseFileName = os.path.abspath(newFileName)
         self.baseFilename = newBaseFileName
         self.mode = 'a'
         self.stream = self._open()

         if self.backupCount > 0:
             for s in self.getFilesToDelete(newFileName):
                 try:
                     os.remove(s)
                 except:
                     pass

         newRolloverAt = self.computeRollover(currentTime)
         while newRolloverAt <= currentTime:
             newRolloverAt = newRolloverAt + self.interval

         #If DST changes and midnight or weekly rollover, adjust for this.
         if (self.when == 'MIDNIGHT' or self.when.startswith('W')) and not self.utc:
             dstNow = time.localtime(currentTime)[-1]
             dstAtRollover = time.localtime(newRolloverAt)[-1]
             if dstNow != dstAtRollover:
                 if not dstNow:  # DST kicks in before next rollover, so we need to deduct an hour
                     newRolloverAt = newRolloverAt - 3600
                 else:           # DST bows out before next rollover, so we need to add an hour
                     newRolloverAt = newRolloverAt + 3600
         self.rolloverAt = newRolloverAt

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