在Python中使用ETree保存XML.它没有保留名称空间，并添加了ns0，ns1和删除xmlns标签 [英] Saving XML using ETree in Python. It's not retaining namespaces, and adding ns0, ns1 and removing xmlns tags
问题描述
我看到这里也有类似的问题，但是没有什么可以完全帮助我. 我也查看了有关命名空间的官方文档，但是找不到任何真正对我有帮助的东西，也许我在XML格式化方面还太陌生. 我了解也许我需要创建自己的名称空间字典?无论哪种方式，这就是我的情况:
I see there are similar questions here, but nothing that has totally helped me. I've also looked at the official documentation on namespaces but can't find anything that is really helping me, perhaps I'm just too new at XML formatting. I understand that perhaps I need to create my own namespace dictionary? Either way, here is my situation:
我从API调用中得到结果，它给了我一个XML，该XML以字符串形式存储在我的Python应用程序中.
I am getting a result from an API call, it gives me an XML that is stored as a string in my Python application.
我要完成的工作只是获取此XML，换出一个很小的值(b:string值用户ConditionValue/Default，但这与该问题无关) 然后将其另存为字符串，以便稍后在Rest POST调用中发送.
What I'm trying to accomplish is just grab this XML, swap out a tiny value (The b:string value user ConditionValue/Default but that's irrelevant to this question) and then save it as a string to send later on in a Rest POST call.
源XML如下:
<Context xmlns="http://Test.the.Sdk/2010/07" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<xmlns i:nil="true" xmlns="http://schema.test.org/2004/07/Test.Soa.Vocab" xmlns:a="http://schema.test.org/2004/07/System.Xml.Serialize"/>
<Conditions xmlns:a="http://schema.test.org/2004/07/Test.Soa.Vocab">
<a:Condition>
<a:xmlns i:nil="true" xmlns:b="http://schema.test.org/2004/07/System.Xml.Serialize"/>
<Identifier>a23aacaf-9b6b-424f-92bb-5ab71505e3bc</Identifier>
<Name>Code</Name>
<ParameterSelections/>
<ParameterSetCollections/>
<Parameters/>
<Summary i:nil="true"/>
<Instance>25486d6c-36ba-4ab2-9fa6-0dbafbcf0389</Instance>
<ConditionValue>
<ComplexValue i:nil="true"/>
<Text i:nil="true" xmlns:b="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/Arrays"/>
<Default>
<ComplexValue i:nil="true"/>
<Text xmlns:b="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/Arrays">
<b:string>NULLCODE</b:string>
</Text>
</Default>
</ConditionValue>
<TypeCode>String</TypeCode>
</a:Condition>
<a:Condition>
<a:xmlns i:nil="true" xmlns:b="http://schema.test.org/2004/07/System.Xml.Serialize"/>
<Identifier>0af860f6-5611-4a23-96dc-eb3863975529</Identifier>
<Name>Content Type</Name>
<ParameterSelections/>
<ParameterSetCollections/>
<Parameters/>
<Summary i:nil="true"/>
<Instance>6364ec20-306a-4cab-aabc-8ec65c0903c9</Instance>
<ConditionValue>
<ComplexValue i:nil="true"/>
<Text i:nil="true" xmlns:b="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/Arrays"/>
<Default>
<ComplexValue i:nil="true"/>
<Text xmlns:b="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/Arrays">
<b:string>Standard</b:string>
</Text>
</Default>
</ConditionValue>
<TypeCode>String</TypeCode>
</a:Condition>
</Conditions>
我的工作是交换一个值，保留源的整个结构，并使用它稍后在应用程序中提交POST.
My job is to swap out one of the values, retaining the entire structure of the source, and use this to submit a POST later on in the application.
我遇到的问题是，当它保存到字符串或文件中时，它完全弄乱了名称空间:
The problem that I am having is that when it saves to a string or to a file, it totally messes up the namespaces:
<ns0:Context xmlns:ns0="http://Test.the.Sdk/2010/07" xmlns:ns1="http://schema.test.org/2004/07/Test.Soa.Vocab" xmlns:ns3="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/Arrays" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<ns1:xmlns xsi:nil="true" />
<ns0:Conditions>
<ns1:Condition>
<ns1:xmlns xsi:nil="true" />
<ns0:Identifier>a23aacaf-9b6b-424f-92bb-5ab71505e3bc</ns0:Identifier>
<ns0:Name>Code</ns0:Name>
<ns0:ParameterSelections />
<ns0:ParameterSetCollections />
<ns0:Parameters />
<ns0:Summary xsi:nil="true" />
<ns0:Instance>25486d6c-36ba-4ab2-9fa6-0dbafbcf0389</ns0:Instance>
<ns0:ConditionValue>
<ns0:ComplexValue xsi:nil="true" />
<ns0:Text xsi:nil="true" />
<ns0:Default>
<ns0:ComplexValue xsi:nil="true" />
<ns0:Text>
<ns3:string>NULLCODE</ns3:string>
</ns0:Text>
</ns0:Default>
</ns0:ConditionValue>
<ns0:TypeCode>String</ns0:TypeCode>
</ns1:Condition>
<ns1:Condition>
<ns1:xmlns xsi:nil="true" />
<ns0:Identifier>0af860f6-5611-4a23-96dc-eb3863975529</ns0:Identifier>
<ns0:Name>Content Type</ns0:Name>
<ns0:ParameterSelections />
<ns0:ParameterSetCollections />
<ns0:Parameters />
<ns0:Summary xsi:nil="true" />
<ns0:Instance>6364ec20-306a-4cab-aabc-8ec65c0903c9</ns0:Instance>
<ns0:ConditionValue>
<ns0:ComplexValue xsi:nil="true" />
<ns0:Text xsi:nil="true" />
<ns0:Default>
<ns0:ComplexValue xsi:nil="true" />
<ns0:Text>
<ns3:string>Standard</ns3:string>
</ns0:Text>
</ns0:Default>
</ns0:ConditionValue>
<ns0:TypeCode>String</ns0:TypeCode>
</ns1:Condition>
</ns0:Conditions>
我已将代码缩小为最基本的形式，但仍得到相同的结果，因此与我正常操作文件的方式无关:
I've narrowed the code down to the most basic form and I'm still getting the same results so it's not anything to do with how I'm manipulating the file normally:
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
import requests
get_context_xml = 'http://localhost/testapi/returnxml' #returns first XML example above.
source_context_xml = requests.get(get_context_xml)
Tree = ET.fromstring(source_context_xml)
#Ensure the original namespaces are intact.
for Conditions in Tree.iter('{http://schema.test.org/2004/07/Test.Soa.Vocab}Condition'):
print "success"
with open('/home/memyself/output.xml','w') as f:
f.write(ET.tostring(Tree))
推荐答案
You need to register the prefix and the namespace before you do fromstring() (Reading the xml) to avoid the default namespace prefixes (like ns0 and ns1 , etc.) .
您可以使用 ET.register_namespace() 函数，例如-
You can use the ET.register_namespace() function for that, Example -
ET.register_namespace('<prefix>','http://Test.the.Sdk/2010/07')
ET.register_namespace('a','http://schema.test.org/2004/07/Test.Soa.Vocab')
如果您不需要前缀，可以将<prefix>留空.
You can leave the <prefix> empty if you do not want a prefix.
示例/演示-
>>> r = ET.fromstring('<a xmlns="blah">a</a>')
>>> ET.tostring(r)
b'<ns0:a xmlns:ns0="blah">a</ns0:a>'
>>> ET.register_namespace('','blah')
>>> r = ET.fromstring('<a xmlns="blah">a</a>')
>>> ET.tostring(r)
b'<a xmlns="blah">a</a>'
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