如何编译目录中的所有.c文件并输出每个不带.c扩展名的二进制文件 [英] How to compile all .c files in a directory and output each binary without the .c extension

问题描述

我有一个包含多个c源文件的目录(每个文件本身就是一个小程序)，我想一次编译所有源文件，并在子目录bin/中输出每个二进制文件的二进制文件.二进制文件的名称应为c源文件之一，但不带.c扩展名. 我该如何在Makefile中完成类似的操作?

I have a directory with multiple c source files (every file is a small program by itself) which I would like to compile all at once and output the binary for each one in the subdirectory bin/. The name of the binary should be the one of the c source file, but without the .c extension. How could I accomplish something like that in a Makefile?

示例:

-src
    ll.c
    lo.c
    -bin
        ll
        lo

我想到的第一件事是:

CFLAGS=-Wall -g
SRC=$(wildcard *.c)

all: $(SRC)
    gcc $(CFLAGS) $(SRC) -o bin/$(SRC)

但这并不能像我想的那样有效.

But this does not really work how I thought it would.

推荐答案

all: $(SRC)行告诉我们all目标具有 every 源文件作为前提.

The line all: $(SRC) tells make that the all target has every source file as a prerequisite.

该目标(gcc $(CFLAGS) $(SRC) -o bin/$(SRC))的配方然后尝试在 all 源文件上运行gcc，并告诉其创建bin/<first word in $(SRC)with the rest of the words from $( SRC)`是gcc的其他参数.

The recipe for that target (gcc $(CFLAGS) $(SRC) -o bin/$(SRC)) then tries to run gcc on all the source files and tells it to create as output the bin/<first word in$(SRC)with the rest of the words from$(SRC)` being other, extra, arguments to gcc.

您想要更多类似这样的东西:

You want something more like this:

SRCS := $(wildcard *.c)
# This is a substitution reference. http://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/make.html#Substitution-Refs
BINS := $(SRCS:%.c=bin/%)

CFLAGS=-Wall -g

# Tell make that the all target has every binary as a prequisite and tell make that it will not create an `all` file (see http://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/make.html#Phony-Targets).
.PHONY: all
all: $(BINS)

bin:
    mkdir $@

# Tell make that the binaries in the current directory are intermediate files so it doesn't need to care about them directly (and can delete them). http://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/make.html#index-_002eINTERMEDIATE
# This keeps make from building the binary in the current directory a second time if you run `make; make`.
.INTERMEDIATE: $(notdir $(BINS))

# Tell make that it should delete targets if their recipes error. http://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/make.html#index-_002eDELETE_005fON_005fERROR 
.DELETE_ON_ERROR:

# This is a static pattern rule to tell make how to handle all the `$(BINS)` files. http://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/make.html#Static-Pattern
$(BINS) : bin/% : % | bin
        mv $^ $@

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