使用信号检测Django中的保存操作时，对象中未显示的多对多字段 [英] Many to many field not shown in object while using signals to detect save operation in django

问题描述

这是以下问题的后续问题:

意图:创建Person的实例时，我想生成一个License对象.因此，我筛选出添加到License中的最后一个元组，然后使用其内容来生成License实例.

def generate_license():
    import pdb
    pdb.set_trace()
    man = Person.objects.filter().order_by('-time_added')[:1][0] # Restricting the filter to one query and then taking the value at the 0th index. order_by '-time_added' gives the latest tuple at the top.
    license = License.objects.create(...Info about car, person...)

错误:

一个例子: 假设Car有3个实例:

1. 宝马
2. 法拉利
3. 兰博基尼

现在，当我从管理员添加Person实例时，例如:

per是具有car = BMW, FERRARI和name = Bob的实例 当我在管理员中单击save时，set_trace()启动.因此，在generate_license中进行查询之后:

在pdb中，当执行查询时，我尝试打印出per.car.all()，但是它给了我[]，而当我尝试打印出per.name时，它确实打印出了Bob.因此，我真的不太了解per.name的保存方式和per.car isnt的方式.

此外，当请求完成时，即我已经按下pdb中的c，我再次单击同一实例的保存，这一次它完美地读取了per.car.all()，而如果在保存之前，我添加了LAMBORGHINI，仅显示BMW和FERRARI.因此，我猜正在发生的是many-to-many字段迟到了一个请求.尽管我无法指出原因.需要一些帮助.我想念什么吗?

问题:是否存在从create signal识别update signal的特定方法?我的意思是我不想每次数据更新时都生成一个新的License.仅在创建数据后才会生成新的License.那么，如何区分update和save信号?

解决方案

post_save不适用于m2m字段.您必须使用 m2m_changed信号.

类似这样的东西:

def my_m2m_signal(sender, **kwargs):
    action = kwargs.get('action')
    if action == 'post_add':
        print 'post_add is activated on m2m'

signals.m2m_changed.connect(my_m2m_signal, sender=Person.car.through)

This is a follow up question to : Cant get post_save to work in Django

My models are :

class Car(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    ...
    some other attributes of Car
    ...

class Person(models.Model):
    car = models.ManyToManyField(Car)
    name = models.CharField(max_lenght=100)
    ...
    Some other attributes of Person
    ...


class License(models.Model):
    person = models.ForeignKey(Person)
    ...
    Other attributes of License
    ...

Signal handler:

def signal_handler(sender, **kwargs):
    print 'Person saved!'
    generate_license()

post_save.connect(signal_handler, sender=Person, dispatch_uid="Unique person")

The intent: When an instance of Person is created, I want to generate a License object. So I filter out the last tuple that was added into License and then use its contents to generate a License instance.

def generate_license():
    import pdb
    pdb.set_trace()
    man = Person.objects.filter().order_by('-time_added')[:1][0] # Restricting the filter to one query and then taking the value at the 0th index. order_by '-time_added' gives the latest tuple at the top.
    license = License.objects.create(...Info about car, person...)

The Error:

An example: Say Car has 3 instances:

1. BMW
2. FERRARI
3. LAMBORGHINI

Now when I add an instance of Person from the admin, example:

per be an instance with car = BMW, FERRARI and name = Bob When I click save in admin, the set_trace() starts. So after the query in generate_license :

In pdb, when the query executes, I try printing out per.car.all() but it gives me [] and when I try printing out per.name, it does print out Bob. So I am not really getting as to how per.name is saved and per.car isnt.

Also, when the request is completed, that is I have pressed c in pdb, I again click on save for the same instance, this time it reads the per.car.all() perfectly while if before saving, I added LAMBORGHINI, it only shows up BMW and FERRARI. So what I guess is happening is that the many-to-many field is coming a request late. Although I can't point out the reason for this. Need some help. Am I missing something?

Question: Is there a specific way to identify an update signal from a create signal? I mean I do not want to generate a new License every time a data is updated. A new License will only generate when the data has been created. So, how to distinguish between update and save signals?

解决方案

post_save does not work on m2m fields. You have to use the m2m_changed signal.

Something like this:

def my_m2m_signal(sender, **kwargs):
    action = kwargs.get('action')
    if action == 'post_add':
        print 'post_add is activated on m2m'

signals.m2m_changed.connect(my_m2m_signal, sender=Person.car.through)

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