如何使用Rails中的关联将数据保存到数据库中以保护批量分配 [英] How to save to Database with associations in rails protecting mass assignment
问题描述
尝试了几个小时后，我无法保存到数据库.
After trying for few hours I can not save to the database.
上下文是这样的: 我有两种类型的用户，一种只需要非常基本的信息(用户名，电子邮件，密码)，另一种需要很多信息的用户(年龄，性别，城市等)
The context is this: I have two types of users, one for that I only need very basic information [Username, email, password] and another kind of user for who I need a lot of information [age, gender, city and so on]
由于表中将存在大量的Null值，因此我没有使用STI. 因此，我创建了这三种模式，在这种模式下，用户是否拥有个人资料(个人资料表)取决于其类型[1或2]，并且此个人资料的字段是该用户所居住的城市，与该城市中的另一个表相关数据库，城市表
I did not use STI becouse of the vast quantity of Null values there would be in the table. So I created this three modes in which a user has a profile (profiles table) or not depending of its type [1 or 2], and a field of this profile is the city this user is living in, that relates to another table in the DB, the cities table
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
has_one :profile
has_one :city, through: :profile
end
class Profile < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :user
belongs_to :city
[...a bunch of fields here]
end
class City < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :profiles
has_many :users, through: :profiles
end
当我在Rails控制台中与他们一起玩时，一切正常:
When I play with them in the rails console everything goes OK:
usr = User.new(name: "roxy", email: "roxy@example.me", password: "roxanna", password_confirmation: "roxanna", utype: 1)
cty = City.new(name: "Bucaramanga")
prf = Profile.new (rname: "Rosa Juliana Diaz del Castillo"...)
prf.city = cty
usr.profile = prf
usr.valid?
=> true
usr.save
=> true
但是当我尝试保存在应用程序中(查看模型)
but when I try to save in the app (View an Model)
<%= f.label :city, "En que ciudad te encuentras?"%>
<%= select_tag :city, options_from_collection_for_select(City.all, 'id', "name"),{:prompt => 'Selecciona tu ciudad'}%>
def new
@profile = Profile.new
end
def create
@profile = params[:profile]
@city= City.find_by_id(params[:city].to_i)
@profile.city = @city
end
我收到此错误:
undefined method `city=' for #<ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess:0xa556fe0>
有人可以帮我吗?
更新 正如David所建议的那样，我在create方法的第一行中创建了Profile对象，因此我的控制器现在如下所示:
UPDATE As David suggested I created the Profile object in the first line of the create method, so my controller now look like this:
def create
@profile = Profile.new(params[:profile])
@city= City.find_by_id(params[:city].to_i)
@profile.city = @city
@usr = current_user
if @usr.profile.exists? @profile
@usr.errors.add(:profile, "is already assigned to this user") # or something to that effect
render :new
else
@usr.profile << @profile
redirect_to root_path
end
end
但是我现在收到此错误
undefined method `exists?' for nil:NilClass
current_user返回@current_user
current_user returns the @current_user
def current_user
@current_user ||= User.find_by_remember_token(cookies[:remember_token])
end
你能告诉我，我做错了什么吗?
Could you tell me please, what am I doing wrong?
推荐答案
我想写这篇给所有刚起步的人，并坚持这一步.
I want to write this to all of you who are beginning as well as I am and are stuck in this step.
我必须创建一个新项目并对其进行操作以意识到我做错了什么.我发现我正在验证我添加到Profiles表中并具有
I had to create a new project and play with it to realize what I was doing wrong. I figured out that I was validating a last time field I added to the Profiles table and had
# education :string(255) not null
但是我还没有将其添加到表单中，因此启动的错误是:
but I had not added it yet to the form so the error launched is:
Failed to save the new associated so_profile.
现在，您知道是否遇到此错误，请检查您的架构并查找表单中可能缺少的NOT_NULL字段，您还可以注释掉所有模型验证，并在取消注释后确定它们是否起作用.
Now, you know if you got this error, go check your schema and look for NOT_NULL fields you might be missing in the form, also you can comment out all your model validations and after it's working uncomment'em to be sure.
所以，我的最终模特:
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
has_one :profile
has_one :city, through: :profile
attr_accessible :email, :name
end
class Profile < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :user
belongs_to :city
attr_accessible :age, :fcolor, :gender
end
class City < ActiveRecord::Base
has_many :profiles
has_many :users, through: :profiles
attr_accessible :name
end
我的控制器:
class ProfilesController < ApplicationController
def new
@user = User.find_by_id(params[:id])
@profile = Profile.new
end
def create
@profile = Profile.new(params[:profile])
city = City.find_by_id(params[:city])
@profile.city = city
@user = User.find_by_id(params[:userid])
@user.profile = @profile
if @user.save
flash[:success] = "Guardado"
redirect_to profile_path(id: @user.id)
end
end
def show
@user = User.find(params[:id])
end
end
class UsersController < ApplicationController
def new
@user = User.new
end
def create
@user = User.new(params[:user])
if @user.save
flash[:success] = "Registrado!"
redirect_to new_profile_path(id: @user.id)
else
flash[:error] = "No Registrado :("
redirect_to new
end
end
def show
@user = User.find_by_id(params[:id])
end
end
在真实的应用程序中，您必须使用Cookies或其他方式使会话保持活动状态，并因此从获取user_id的位置使用user_token，但是它可以与关联一起使用.
In a real app you have to use Cookies or something else to keep the session alive and therefore the user_token from where you get the user_id, but it works to play with associations.
视图:
profiles/new.html.erb
profiles/new.html.erb
<%= @user.name %>
<%= form_for @profile, url: {action: :create, userid: @user.id } do |f| %>
<%= f.label :age, "Edad" %>
<%= f.text_field :age%> <br />
<%= label :city, "Ciudad"%>
<%= select_tag :city, options_from_collection_for_select(City.all, 'id', 'name')%>
<%= f.submit %>
<% end %>
profiles/show.html.erb
profiles/show.html.erb
Hello <%= @user.name %><br />
Tu edad es: <%= @user.profile.age %><br />
Vives en <%= @user.profile.city.name%>
users/new.html.erb
users/new.html.erb
<%= form_for @user do |f|%>
<%= f.label :name, "Nombre"%>
<%= f.text_field :name, size: 20, placeholder: "Escribe tu nombre aqui" %><br />
<%= f.label :email, "Email"%>
<%= f.text_field :email, size: 20, placeholder: "Escribe tu email aqui" %><br />
<%= f.submit "Sign me up!"%>
users/show.html.erb
users/show.html.erb
Name: <%= @user.name %><br />
Email: <%= @user.email %>
就是这样！
干杯.
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