在python中将文本文件内容转换为字典的最有效方法 [英] most efficient way to convert text file contents into a dictionary in python

问题描述

以下代码实质上执行以下操作:

The following code essentially does the following:

1. 获取文件内容并将其读取到两个列表中(剥离和分割)
2. 将两个列表一起压缩成字典
3. 使用词典创建登录"功能.

我的问题是:是否有一种更简便，更有效的(快速)方法，可从文件内容创建字典:

My question is: is there an easier more efficient (quicker) method of creating the dictionary from the file contents:

文件:

user1,pass1
user2,pass2

代码

def login():
    print("====Login====")

    usernames = []
    passwords = []
    with open("userinfo.txt", "r") as f:
        for line in f:
            fields = line.strip().split(",")
            usernames.append(fields[0])  # read all the usernames into list usernames
            passwords.append(fields[1])  # read all the passwords into passwords list

            # Use a zip command to zip together the usernames and passwords to create a dict
    userinfo = zip(usernames, passwords)  # this is a variable that contains the dictionary in the 2-tuple list form
    userinfo_dict = dict(userinfo)
    print(userinfo_dict)

    username = input("Enter username:")
    password = input("Enter password:")

    if username in userinfo_dict.keys() and userinfo_dict[username] == password:
        loggedin()
    else:
        print("Access Denied")
        main()

对于您的答案，请:

a)使用现有功能和代码进行调整 b)提供解释/评论(尤其是使用分割/条形) c)如果使用json/pickle，请包括所有必要的信息供初学者使用

a) Use the existing function and code to adapt b) provide explanations /comments (especially for the use of split/strip) c) If with json/pickle, include all the necessary information for a beginner to access

预先感谢

推荐答案

只需使用 csv模块:

Just by using the csv module :

import csv

with  open("userinfo.txt") as file:
    list_id = csv.reader(file)
    userinfo_dict = {key:passw  for key, passw in list_id}

print(userinfo_dict)
>>>{'user1': 'pass1', 'user2': 'pass2'}

with open()是用于打开文件并处理关闭的上下文管理器.

with open() is the same type of context manager you use to open the file, and handle the close.

csv.reader是加载文件的方法，它返回一个可以直接迭代的对象，例如在理解列表中.但这不是使用理解列表，而是使用理解字典.

csv.reader is the method that loads the file, it returns an object you can iterate directly, like in a comprehension list. But instead of using a comprehension list, this use a comprehension dict.

要构建具有理解风格的字典，可以使用以下语法:

To build a dictionary with a comprehension style, you can use this syntax :

new_dict = {key:value for key, value in list_values} 
# where list_values is a sequence of couple of values, like tuples: 
# [(a,b), (a1, b1), (a2,b2)]

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