如何在MATLAB中将变量移入和移出类似于LOAD和SAVE的结构? [英] How can I move variables into and out of a structure akin to LOAD and SAVE in MATLAB?

问题描述

有没有一种快速的方法(即一行)来使用变量名作为结构字段来转储在"结构中的变量集合? 加载"功能基本上可以做到这一点，但是保存并加载到临时文件似乎很丑.

Is there a quick way (i.e. one line) to dump a collection of variables "in" a structure, using the variable names as the structure fields? The "load" function basically does this but saving and loading to a temporary file seems ugly.

例如:

clear
a = 'adsf'
b = rand(10);

x = var2struct(a,b)

x.a
x.b

或更妙的是:

x = var2struct(['a';'b'])

还有，相反(将字段值作为字段名称命名的变量转储到当前作用域中)怎么办?:

Also, what about the reverse (i.e. dumping the field values to the current scope as variables named after the fields)?:

clear
x.a='asdf'
x.b=rand(10);
dumpstruct(x)
a
b 

此外，这是一个相关的新闻组线程.

Also, here's a related newsgroup thread.

推荐答案

除了使用加载和保存，据我所知没有内置函数可以执行此操作.但是，您可以像这样创建自己的函数:

Aside from using LOAD and SAVE, there is no built-in function that I know of to do this. However, you could just make your own functions, like so:

function s = var2struct(varargin)
  names = arrayfun(@inputname,1:nargin,'UniformOutput',false);
  s = cell2struct(varargin,names,2);
end

function struct2var(s)
  cellfun(@(n,v) assignin('base',n,v),fieldnames(s),struct2cell(s));
end

从基本工作区工作，您可以像下面这样使用这些功能:

Working from the base workspace, you can use these functions like so:

a = 'adsf'
b = rand(10);
x = var2struct(a,b);
clear a b
struct2var(x);

一些注意事项:

• 如果您希望将var2struct的参数指定为变量名称而不是变量本身，则可以使用以下替代功能:

• If you would rather specify the arguments to var2struct as the variable names instead of the variables themselves, here is an alternative function:

function s = var2struct(varargin)
  values = cellfun(@(n) evalin('base',n),varargin,'UniformOutput',false);
  s = cell2struct(values,varargin,2);
end

您将在基本工作区中使用它，如下所示:

And you would use this from the base workspace as follows:

x = var2struct('a','b');

不幸的是，您只能使用此版本的函数从基本工作区中获取变量，而不能从函数的工作区中获取变量.

Unfortunately, you can only use this version of the function to get variables from the base workspace, not the workspace of a function.

上面的struct2var函数的一个警告是，它将始终在基本工作空间中创建变量，而不是在调用struct2var的函数的工作空间中创建变量.要在除基础以外的工作空间中创建变量，您必须在该工作空间中使用此行，而不是调用struct2var:

One caveat with the struct2var function above is that it will always create the variables in the base workspace, not the workspace of the function calling struct2var. To create variables in a workspace other than the base, you would have to use this line in that workspace instead of calling struct2var:

cellfun(@(n,v) assignin('caller',n,v),fieldnames(x),struct2cell(x));

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