在Anaconda虚拟环境中启动Matlab引擎会返回“分段错误(核心已转储)" [英] Starting Matlab engine in anaconda virtual environment returns 'Segmentation fault (core dumped)'

问题描述

我已经按照 Anaconda的答案中的说明安装了官方的MATLAB Engine将Linux上的Matlab引擎安装到运行Python3.5的Anaconda虚拟环境中.现在，我可以导入matlab和matlab.engine，而不会出现错误.但是，当我尝试: matlab.engine.start_matlab()，我收到分段错误(核心已转储)"

I've installed the official MATLAB Engine by following the instructions from the answer to Anaconda install Matlab Engine on Linux to an Anaconda virtual environment running Python3.5. I can now import matlab and matlab.engine without receiving errors. However, when I try: matlab.engine.start_matlab(), I get 'Segmentation fault (core dumped)'

我曾尝试在conda环境中设置LD_LIBRARY_PATH(以防万一，即使相关):export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH，但无济于事.据我所知，该路径也不存在，因此我也尝试了export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=path_to_anaconda3/envs/myEnv/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

I've tried setting LD_LIBRARY_PATH from within the conda environment (in case that is even relevant): export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH, but to no avail. The path doesn't exist either as far as I'm aware, so I've also tried export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=path_to_anaconda3/envs/myEnv/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

那么如何在Anaconda虚拟环境中从Python启动matlab引擎/调用Matlab脚本?

So how can I start the matlab engine/call Matlab scripts from Python from within a Anaconda virtual environment?

顺便说一下，我在Ubuntu上

I'm on Ubuntu, by the way

推荐答案

简短的答案:有两个问题需要解决

Short answer: there were two problems that needed to be fixed

1. $LD_LIBRARY_PATH应该不包含Anaconda安装的路径.根据conda文档，不建议添加这样的路径: https://conda.io/docs/building/shared-libraries.html ，但某些软件包仍可能这样做，从而导致分段错误.
2. 需要从正确版本的libpythonXXX.dylib文件到/usr/lib/的符号链接，以便MATLAB可以找到正确的Python

1. $LD_LIBRARY_PATH should not contain a path to the Anaconda installation. Adding such a path is discouraged according to the conda documentation: https://conda.io/docs/building/shared-libraries.html, but some packages may do so anyways, causing the segmentation error.
2. A symbolic link is needed from a libpythonXXX.dylib file of the right version to /usr/lib/, so that MATLAB can find the right Python

长答案:将MATLAB Engine与Anaconda结合使用的完整安装说明

Long answer: complete installation instructions for using MATLAB Engine with Anaconda

• 安装支持您要使用的Python的MATLAB版本.确保已激活此特定的MATLAB安装
• 打开终端，然后转到包含MATLAB安装的Python引擎的文件夹:cd "/usr/local/MATLAB/R2017a/extern/engines/python"
• 使用要使用的Python版本运行setup.py，并在Anaconda环境位置添加前缀:sudo python3.5 setup.py install --prefix="/your_path_to_anaconda3/envs/your_env".此时，您应该可以从Anaconda环境的Python中import matlab和matlab.engine进行操作，但就我而言，启动引擎时出现了细分错误.
• 找到正确版本的libpython文件.您的Anaconda环境应包含它:find /your_path_to_anaconda3/envs/your_env/ -name libpython*.就我而言，这返回了:
  • /.../lib/libpython3.so
  • /.../lib/python3.5/config-3.5m/libpython3.5m.a
  • /.../lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
  • /.../lib/libpython3.5m.so
  • Install a MATLAB version that supports the Python you want to use. Ensure that this particular MATLAB installation is activated
  • Open a terminal and go to the folder containing the Python engine of the MATLAB installation: cd "/usr/local/MATLAB/R2017a/extern/engines/python"
  • Run setup.py with the Python version you want to use, and prefix the Anaconda environment location: sudo python3.5 setup.py install --prefix="/your_path_to_anaconda3/envs/your_env". At this point you should be able to import matlab and matlab.engine from within the Python of your Anaconda environment, but, in my case, starting the engine gave the segmentation error.
  • Find the libpython file of the right version. Your Anaconda environment should contain it: find /your_path_to_anaconda3/envs/your_env/ -name libpython*. In my case this returned:
    • /.../lib/libpython3.so
    • /.../lib/python3.5/config-3.5m/libpython3.5m.a
    • /.../lib/libpython3.5m.so.1.0
    • /.../lib/libpython3.5m.so

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