绘制数字而不使其成为前景 [英] Plot to figures without bringing them into foreground

问题描述

figure;
ax1 = axes;
figure;
ax2 = axes;
x = 0; y = 0;
while ishandle(ax1) && ishandle(ax2)
    x = x + 1;
    y = y + 1;
      figure(1)
      scatter(x,y, 'MarkerEdgeColor', 'red')
      hold on
      figure(2)
      scatter(x,y, 'MarkerEdgeColor', 'blue')
      hold on
  end

在我的脚本中，我有多个图形，这些图形将循环更新.在脚本运行时，必须显示这些数字.不幸的是，当前更新的图形总是突然出现在前景中，这使得无法监视某个图形.我知道调用figure(1)和figure(2)会导致这种行为，但是我如何绘制这些图而又不将窗口置于前台?

In my script I have multiple figures, which are going to be updated in a loop. The figures have to be displayed, while the script is running. Unfortunately the currently updated figure is always popping in the foreground, which makes it impossible to monitor a certain figure. I understand that the calling of figure(1) and figure(2) causes this behaviour, but I how can I plot to these figures, without bringing the window into foreground?

推荐答案

正如mikkola在注释中建议的那样，您可以指定scatter或plot的轴添加数据点.但是，有一个更好的方法:创建单个线对象，并更新其xdata和ydata属性.这既更快又更有效.您的代码将变为:

As mikkola suggested in a comment, you can specify to which axes scatter or plot add data points. However, there is a better method: create a single line object, and update its xdata and ydata properties. This is both faster and more memory efficient. Your code would become:

x = 0; y = 0;
figure;
h1 = plot(x,y,'ro');
figure;
h2 = plot(x,y,'bo');
while ishandle(h1) && ishandle(h2)
   x = x + 1;
   y = y + 1;
   h1.XData(end+1) = x;
   h1.YData(end+1) = y;
   h2.XData(end+1) = x;
   h2.YData(end+1) = y;
   drawnow
   pause(0.1)
end

使用MATLAB处理图形时，我保留了一组经验法则.这些与该问题有关:

I keep a set of rules of thumb for when working with MATLAB handle graphics. These are relevant to this question:

• 仅使用figure创建一个新图形，或将一个现有图形放在最前面(通常要避免，但有时是必须的).

• Use figure only to create a new figure, or to bring an existing figure to the front (which you want to avoid in general, but sometimes is necessary).

始终通过保持和使用其手柄来指定要使用的图形或轴.我从不依赖gcf或gca(既不明确也不隐含).在命令行上键入命令时，使用当前图形很有用，但是在脚本或函数中，真正的危险在于，在函数执行过程中，有人随机单击窗口.创建一个窗口然后写入gcf可能最终会写入另一个图形(实际上，我一直都在单击随机的东西).

Always specify with which figure or axes you want to work, by keeping and using their handles. I never rely on gcf or gca (not explicitly nor implicitly). Using the current figure is useful when typing on the command line, but in a script or a function there is the real danger than someone clicks randomly on windows while the function is executing. Creating a window then writing to gcf could end up writing to a different figure (really, I click on random things all the time).

不要创建过多的对象.为您绘制的每个点创建一个新的line对象很浪费.

Don't create more objects than necessary. Creating a new line object for every point you plot is wasteful.

还请注意，除非为每个点指定不同的颜色或大小，否则plot(...'o')等效于scatter(...).但是，使用点大小或颜色指定其他信息不是传达该信息的好方法.如果您有兴趣学习有效的交流，请阅读 Tufte的定量信息的可视化显示" 通过图形.

Note also that plot(...'o') is equivalent to scatter(...) unless you specify a different color or size for each point. But using the dot size or color to specify additional information is not a good way to convey that information. Read Tufte's "The visual display of quantitative information" if you're interested in learning about effective communication through graphs.

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