Matlab条:更改条的颜色以及条与轴之间的间距 [英] Matlab bars: changing the color of the bar and the space between bars and axes
问题描述
我有一个棘手的问题，我认为不能简单地回答.
我的数据表很大，想为每个2个对应的平均值保存条形图.我已经使用"for循环"进行了此操作，但是我无法为条形设置不同的颜色，也无法在条形和轴之间设置适当的间距.
这是最简单的示例:
k = [2 5]
bar(k)
Matlab将这些数据[2 5]视为一个组"，并且不可能只改变一个条形的颜色.
当然，当我们有不同的组"时，颜色是可变的.
y = bar([1 2 3; 4 5 6]);
y(2).FaceColor = 'red';
那我的例子呢?我只需要两个条，就需要为它们涂上不同的颜色.另外，我想在每个条形图和轴之间设置一个小的空间(同样，用两个条形图也不是那么简单，并且我不能使用条形宽度"，因为这不能满足我的实际需求).
有人知道如何解决这个问题吗?
感谢您的任何回复！ 玛丽
在这里可以解决此问题.您可以使用diag(k)创建一个2 * 2矩阵，该矩阵的所有零均为零，但主对角线将与您的值一起使用，Matlab会将其读取为2个不同的组.然后，将虚拟"条的Xdata更改(您看不到，但在x轴上留一些空间为nan，这样Matlab会忽略它.
k = [2 5];
b = bar(diag(k));
set(b,{'XData'},{[1 nan],[nan 1]}); % remove the group you don't want
set(gca,{'xticklabel','XTick'},{{'ONE','TWO'},[0.85 1.15]});
b(2).FaceColor = 'r'; % choose a different color
结果:
如果您想将其推广到更多组(此处为5):
k = 1:5;
data = diag(k);
xdata = eye(numel(k))./eye(numel(k)); % a martix of nan with 1 on the main diagonal
b = bar(diag(k));
% remove all data except one bin in all groups:
set(b,{'XData'},mat2cell(xdata,ones(size(data,1),1),size(data,2)))
X = xlim; 5 get x-axis limits
w = (1-X(1))/(numel(k)/2); % calculate the width of one bin
set(gca,'XTick',X(1)+w/2:w:X(2)) % set the X ticks to the center of the bins
set(gca,'xticklabel',{'ONE','TWO','THREE','FOUR','FIVE'}); % set the labels
set(b,{'FaceColor'},mat2cell(lines(numel(k)),ones(size(data,1),1),3)); % set the colors
您将得到:
最后，如果希望它们悬停"在x轴上方一点，则可以添加以下几行:
b(1).BaseLine.Color = 'none'; % remove the base line
ylim([-0.1 max(k(:))]) % shift the bars up a little
并获得:
I have a tricky question, which I think cannot be simply answered.
I have a large data table and want to save bar charts for each 2 corresponding mean values. I already did that with "for loop", but I cannot set different colors to my bars and cannot set proper spaces between bars and axes.
That's the simplest example:
k = [2 5]
bar(k)
Matlab thinks about those data [2 5] as about one "group" and it does not give a possibility of changing color for only one bar.
Of course, when we have different "groups", colors are changeable.
y = bar([1 2 3; 4 5 6]);
y(2).FaceColor = 'red';
But what about my example? I need only two bars, and I need to color them differently. Also, I want to set a small space between each bar and the axes (and again with two bars it is not that simple, and I cannot use "bar width" because that doesn't give me what I really want).
Does anyone know how to get around this?
Thanks for any reply! Mary
Here is an option to workaround this. You can use diag(k) to create a 2*2 matrix with all zeros except the main diagonal that will be with your values, and Matlab will read it as 2 different groups. Then you change the Xdata of the 'dummy' bars (which you don't see but take some space on the x axis to nan so Matlab will ignore it.
k = [2 5];
b = bar(diag(k));
set(b,{'XData'},{[1 nan],[nan 1]}); % remove the group you don't want
set(gca,{'xticklabel','XTick'},{{'ONE','TWO'},[0.85 1.15]});
b(2).FaceColor = 'r'; % choose a different color
The result:
And if you want to generalize this to more groups (here it's 5):
k = 1:5;
data = diag(k);
xdata = eye(numel(k))./eye(numel(k)); % a martix of nan with 1 on the main diagonal
b = bar(diag(k));
% remove all data except one bin in all groups:
set(b,{'XData'},mat2cell(xdata,ones(size(data,1),1),size(data,2)))
X = xlim; 5 get x-axis limits
w = (1-X(1))/(numel(k)/2); % calculate the width of one bin
set(gca,'XTick',X(1)+w/2:w:X(2)) % set the X ticks to the center of the bins
set(gca,'xticklabel',{'ONE','TWO','THREE','FOUR','FIVE'}); % set the labels
set(b,{'FaceColor'},mat2cell(lines(numel(k)),ones(size(data,1),1),3)); % set the colors
and you get:
And finally, if you want them to 'hover' a little above the x-axis, you can add the following lines:
b(1).BaseLine.Color = 'none'; % remove the base line
ylim([-0.1 max(k(:))]) % shift the bars up a little
and get:
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