如何在numpy中以二维矩阵随机采样 [英] how to randomly sample in 2D matrix in numpy

问题描述

我有一个像这样的2d数组/矩阵，我如何从这个2D矩阵中随机选择值，例如获取像[-62, 29.23]这样的值.我看了numpy.choice，但它是为一维数组构建的.

I have a 2d array/matrix like this, how would I randomly pick the value from this 2D matrix, for example getting value like [-62, 29.23]. I looked at the numpy.choice but it is built for 1d array.

以下是我的示例，其中包含4行8列

The following is my example with 4 rows and 8 columns

Space_Position=[
      [[-62,29.23],[-49.73,29.23],[-31.82,29.23],[-14.2,29.23],[3.51,29.23],[21.21,29.23],[39.04,29.23],[57.1,29.23]],

      [[-62,11.28],[-49.73,11.28],[-31.82,11.28],[-14.2,11.28],[3.51,11.28],[21.21,11.28] ,[39.04,11.28],[57.1,11.8]],

      [[-62,-5.54],[-49.73,-5.54],[-31.82,-5.54] ,[-14.2,-5.54],[3.51,-5.54],[21.21,-5.54],[39.04,-5.54],[57.1,-5.54]],

      [[-62,-23.1],[-49.73,-23.1],[-31.82,-23.1],[-14.2,-23.1],[3.51,-23.1],[21.21,-23.1],[39.04,-23.1] ,[57.1,-23.1]]
      ]

在回答中给出了以下解决方案:

In the answers the following solution was given:

random_index1 = np.random.randint(0, Space_Position.shape[0])
random_index2 = np.random.randint(0, Space_Position.shape[1])
Space_Position[random_index1][random_index2]

这确实可以给我一个示例，像np.choice()一样有多个示例呢?

this indeed works to give me one sample, how about more than one sample like what np.choice() does?

我在想的另一种方法是将矩阵转换成数组，而不是像

Another way I am thinking is to tranform the matrix into a array instead of matrix like,

Space_Position=[
      [-62,29.23],[-49.73,29.23],[-31.82,29.23],[-14.2,29.23],[3.51,29.23],[21.21,29.23],[39.04,29.23],[57.1,29.23], .....   ]

，最后使用np.choice()，但是我找不到进行转换的方法，np.flatten()使数组类似

and at last use np.choice(), however I could not find the ways to do the transformation, np.flatten() makes the array like

Space_Position=[-62,29.23,-49.73,29.2, ....]

推荐答案

只需使用随机索引(在您的情况下为2，因为您有3个维度):

Just use a random index (in your case 2 because you have 3 dimensions):

import numpy as np

Space_Position = np.array(Space_Position)

random_index1 = np.random.randint(0, Space_Position.shape[0])
random_index2 = np.random.randint(0, Space_Position.shape[1])

Space_Position[random_index1, random_index2]  # get the random element.

---

替代方法是将其实际制成2D:

---

The alternative is to actually make it 2D:

Space_Position = np.array(Space_Position).reshape(-1, 2)

，然后使用一个随机索引:

and then use one random index:

Space_Position = np.array(Space_Position).reshape(-1, 2)      # make it 2D
random_index = np.random.randint(0, Space_Position.shape[0])  # generate a random index
Space_Position[random_index]                                  # get the random element.

如果要替换N个样品:

N = 5

Space_Position = np.array(Space_Position).reshape(-1, 2)                # make it 2D
random_indices = np.random.randint(0, Space_Position.shape[0], size=N)  # generate N random indices
Space_Position[random_indices]  # get N samples with replacement

或不进行替换:

Space_Position = np.array(Space_Position).reshape(-1, 2)  # make it 2D
random_indices = np.arange(0, Space_Position.shape[0])    # array of all indices
np.random.shuffle(random_indices)                         # shuffle the array
Space_Position[random_indices[:N]]  # get N samples without replacement

这篇关于如何在numpy中以二维矩阵随机采样的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！