如何在C中显示某些变量的起始地址? [英] How to show the starting address of some variables in C?
问题描述
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
extern char **environ;
int global_x = 10; // initialised global variable
int global_y; // un-initialised global variable
char global_array1[] = "Hello, world!"; // initialised global array and a string literal
char global_array2[10]; // un-initialised global array
char *global_pointer1 = "bye!"; // global pointer to a string literal
char *global_pointer2; // un-initialised global pointer
float global_float = 100.1; // initialised global variable
double global_double; // un-initialised global variable
#define ONEGB 1073741824
#define ONEMB 1048576
#define ONEKB 1024
char *addr(unsigned long a)
{
unsigned long r; // remainder
r = (unsigned long) a;
int gb = (int) ( r / ONEGB );
r -= gb * ONEGB;
int mb = (int) ( r / ONEMB );
r -= mb * ONEMB;
int kb = (int) ( r / ONEKB );
r -= kb * ONEKB;
int b = (int) ( r );
char *p = malloc(64);
sprintf(p, "%4dGB, %4dMB, %4dKB, %4d", gb, mb, kb, b);
return p;
}
int f2(int x)
{
char * f2_p;
int f2_x = 21;
f2_p = malloc(1000); // dynamically allocated memory
// print out the address of x
// print out the addresses of f2_p, and f2_x
// print out the starting address of the dynamically allocated memory
.....
L: f2_x = 10;
return f2_x;
}
void f1(int x1, int x2, float x3, char x4, double x5, int x6)
{
int f1_x = 10;
int f1_y;
char *f1_p1 = "This is inside f1"; // pointer to another string literal
char *f1_p2;
f1_p2 = malloc(100); // dynamically allocated memory
// print out the addresses of x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, x6
// print out the addresses of f1_x, f1_y, f1_p1, f1_p2
// print out the address of the string literal "This is inside f1"
.....
f1_y = f2(10);
return;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
// print out the addresses of argc, argv
// print out the starting address and end address of the command line arguments of this process
// print out the starting address and end address of the environment of this process
// print out the starting addresses of function main, f1, and f2
// print out the addresses of global_x, global_y, global_array1, global_array2, global_pointer1,
// global_pointer2, global_float, global_double
// print out the addresses of string literals 10, "Hello, world!", "bye", 100.1
.....
// call function f1 with suitable arguments such as 12, -5, 33.7, 'A', 1.896e-10, 100
f1( .... );
exit(0);
}
我试图在google上搜索,但是找不到其他有用的东西,在这种情况下,我只想弄清楚如何打印出动态分配的内存的起始地址;打印此过程命令行参数的起始地址和结束地址;打印此过程环境的起始地址和结束地址;打印函数main,f1和f2的起始地址. 有人可以帮助我吗?..谢谢你!
I tried to search on google, but cannot find sth useful, and in this case I just want to figure out how to print out the starting address of the dynamically allocated memory; print out the starting address and end address of the command line arguments of this process;print out the starting address and end address of the environment of this process;print out the starting addresses of function main, f1, and f2. anybody can help me?..thank you!
推荐答案
在main
中:
打印出argc, argv
-printf ("%d, %d", &argc, argv);
打印出此过程的命令行参数的起始地址和结束地址-printf ("%d", (void *)argv);
print out the starting address and end address of the command line arguments of this process - printf ("%d", (void *)argv);
打印出此过程环境的起始地址和结束地址-printf ("%d", (void *)environ);
print out the starting address and end address of the environment of this process - printf ("%d", (void *)environ);
打印出功能main, f1, and f2
-printf ("%d %d %d", &main, &f1, &f2);
打印出global_x, global_y, global_array1, global_array2, global_pointer1, global_pointer2, global_float, global_double
的地址-只需在要打印其地址的每个变量前面使用&
运算符.
print out the addresses of global_x, global_y, global_array1, global_array2, global_pointer1, global_pointer2, global_float, global_double
- just use the &
operator in front of each variable whose address you want to print.
打印出字符串文字的地址10, "Hello, world!", "bye", 100.1
-不允许打印字符串文字的地址.
print out the addresses of string literals 10, "Hello, world!", "bye", 100.1
- printing addresses of string literals is not allowed.
在f1
中:
打印出x1,x2,x3,x4,x5,x6的地址-printf ("%d %d %d %d %d %d", &x1, &x2, &x3, &x4, &x5);
print out the addresses of x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, x6 - printf ("%d %d %d %d %d %d", &x1, &x2, &x3, &x4, &x5);
打印出f1_x,f1_y,f1_p1,f1_p2的地址-printf ("%d %d %d %d", &f1_x, &f1_y, f1_p1, f2_p2);
print out the addresses of f1_x, f1_y, f1_p1, f1_p2 - printf ("%d %d %d %d", &f1_x, &f1_y, f1_p1, f2_p2);
打印出字符串文字的地址"This is inside f1"
-不允许使用字符串文字的地址
print out the address of the string literal "This is inside f1"
- Taking address of a string literal is not allowed
在f2
中:
打印出x的地址-printf ("%d", &x);
打印出f2_p和f2_x的地址-printf("%d", f2_p, &f2_x)
;
print out the addresses of f2_p, and f2_x - printf("%d", f2_p, &f2_x)
;
打印出动态分配的内存的起始地址-printf ("%d", f2_p);
print out the starting address of the dynamically allocated memory - printf ("%d", f2_p);
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