子类化tkinter.Menu产生默认​​菜单 [英] Subclassing tkinter.Menu results in default menus

问题描述

我正在尝试创建一个tkinter GUI应用程序，同时将我的代码组织到主要应用程序，框架和菜单的类中.对于菜单，我将其归类为tkinter.menu，但它为我提供了一堆默认菜单，但不包括我创建的菜单和命令.我已尽力将其简化为以下说明该问题的工作示例:

I'm trying to create a tkinter GUI application while organizing my code into classes for the main application, the frame, and the menu. For the menu, I'm subclassing tkinter.menu, but it's giving me a bunch of default menus and not including the menus and commands I've created. I've stripped it down as best I can to the following working example that illustrates the problem:

首先，我将tkinter.TK子类化以创建主窗口小部件，其中包含主窗口和菜单.为了说明起见，我在文件"菜单中添加了一个空方法作为命令添加.接下来，我将tkinter.Frame子类化以创建主框架.为了说明，我在框架中添加了一个文本框.最后，我将tkinter.Menu子类化以创建主菜单，并添加了子菜单"File"和命令"Open".

First I subclassed tkinter.TK to create the main widget, containing the main window and the menu. For illustration, I included one empty method to add as a command in the File menu. Next, I subclassed tkinter.Frame to create the main frame. For illustration, I added a text box to the frame. Finally, I subclassed tkinter.Menu to create the main menu and added the submenu "File" and a command "Open".

import tkinter

class Application(tkinter.Tk):
    def __init__(self):
        tkinter.Tk.__init__(self)
        self.main = MainWindow(master=self)
        self.menu = MainMenu(master=self)

        self.main.pack(fill=tkinter.BOTH, expand=True)

    def open(self):
        pass

class MainWindow(tkinter.Frame):
    def __init__(self, master):
        tkinter.Frame.__init__(self)
        self.master = master
        self.textbox = tkinter.Text()
        self.textbox.pack(fill=tkinter.BOTH, expand=True)

class MainMenu(tkinter.Menu):
    def __init__(self, master=None):
        tkinter.Menu.__init__(self, master=None)
        self.master = master
        self.file = tkinter.Menu(self)
        self.add_cascade(label="File", menu=self.file)
        self.file.add_command(label="Open", command=master.open)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    Application().mainloop()

结果是一堆我没有创建的菜单，包括没有我的打开"命令的文件"菜单:

The result is a bunch of menus I didn't create, including a File menu without my "Open" command:

这里是结果的屏幕截图.

我要去哪里错了?

推荐答案

替换:

self.menu = MainMenu(master=self)

具有:

self['menu'] = MainMenu(master=self)
    # or self["menu"] = MainMenu(master=self)
    # or self.config(menu=MainMenu(master=self))
    # or self.configure(menu=MainMenu(master=self))

或添加:

self['menu'] = self.menu
# or self["menu"] = self.menu
# or self.config(menu=self.menu)
# or self.configure(menu=self.menu)

之后的任何地方:

self.menu = ...

将菜单作为 the 菜单分配给类似Toplevel的小部件.

to have your menu assigned as the menu to your Toplevel-like widget.

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