如何交互式调试MIPS [英] How to Debug MIPS Interactively

问题描述

我正在上一门有关计算机组织和组装的课程.

I'm taking a course on Computer Organization and Assembly.

在课堂上，我们正在学习MIPS.这是为了介绍诸如流水线之类的基本概念.我们正在为课堂编写一些简单的MIPS程序.

In class, we're learning MIPS. This is for the purpose of introducing basic concepts, like pipelining. We're writing a handful of simple MIPS programs for class.

我习惯于gdb进行调试和学习，我们在课堂上使用的调试器是SPIM. SPIM很烂.它允许我单步执行程序，但不允许我在任意执行点以交互方式执行MIPS指令.我立即厌倦了不得不退出SPIM，编辑源代码并再次运行SPIM，导航到所需的执行点，却发现我不得不再次执行此操作，因为我犯了另一个错误.

I'm used to gdb for debugging and learning, and the debugger we use in class is SPIM. SPIM sucks. It allows me to step through a program, but it doesn't allow me to interactively execute MIPS instructions at an arbitrary point of execution. I am immediately tired of having to exit SPIM, edit the source, and run SPIM again, navigating to the desired point of execution, only to see I have to do it again because I made yet another mistake.

或者也许我弄错了，SPIM确实允许这样做.我的老师说不支持此功能，所以我不接受他说的话.我在Google上搜索了一下，却没有找到解决方法.

Or perhaps I am mistaken and SPIM does allow this. My instructor said that this feature is not supported, so I'm going off what he said. I googled around a bit and didn't find a workaround.

我曾尝试使用gdb等交互式MIPS调试器进行谷歌搜索，但没有找到任何工具.我知道gdb可以调试MIPS程序，但是我没有MIPS机器可以在其上运行MIPS程序.

I have tried googling for interactive MIPS debuggers like gdb but I haven't found any. I'm aware that gdb can debug MIPS programs, but I don't have a MIPS machine to run MIPS programs on.

我在VMware中运行Ubuntu.如何使用gdb或其他方式交互式调试MIPS程序?

I run Ubuntu in VMware. How can I interactively debug MIPS programs, using gdb or otherwise?

编辑:在 Mips.com 推荐使用他们的Linux工具链.

Edit: found some reference material on Mips.com on their recommended Linux Toolchain.

推荐答案

您可以将qemu用作仿真器，将gdb用作调试器，将gcc用作编译器.它是研究不同体系结构的通用工具集.

You can use qemu as an emulator, gdb as a debugger and gcc as a compiler. It's universal tool-set to investigate different architectures.

对于Ubuntu，您可以使用以下命令安装依赖项(可能，系统列表不完整-完全由您决定):

For Ubuntu you can install dependencies with followed command (probably, list is not full for your system - it's up to you there):

sudo apt install gdb-multiarch qemu qemu-user gcc-multilib gcc-multilib-mips64-linux-gnuabi64

现在您可以将gcc用作编译器.

Now you can use gcc as a compiler.

$ cat code.c 
#include<stdio.h>

int main()
{
    printf("Hello world!\n");
    return 0;
}
$ mips64-linux-gnuabi64-gcc code.c -static -g3

并使用调试会话在qemu中开始仿真:

And start emulation in qemu with debug session:

$ qemu-mips64 -g 1234 ./a.out

在gdb-multiarch中，使用以下例程:

symbol-file a.out
set arch mips:isa64
target remote :1234
b main
c

这是您的目标:

(gdb) x/5i main
   0x120003850 <main>:  daddiu  sp,sp,-32
   0x120003854 <main+4>:    sd  ra,24(sp)
   0x120003858 <main+8>:    sd  s8,16(sp)
   0x12000385c <main+12>:   sd  gp,8(sp)
   0x120003860 <main+16>:   move    s8,sp

我相信，您可以根据自己的任务进行调整.如您在gdb set arch命令中所见，MIPS拱是如此多样.

I believe, you can adapt it for your tasks. And MIPS arch is so various, as you can see in gdb set arch command.

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