何时在Ruby中使用`require`，`load`或`autoload`? [英] When to use `require`, `load` or `autoload` in Ruby?

问题描述

我了解Ruby中require，load和autoload之间的细微差别，但是我的问题是，您如何知道要使用哪个?

除了能够在匿名模块中包装" load之外，require似乎是首选.

但是autoload然后允许您延迟加载文件-听起来不错，但我不确定您实际上从require

获得了什么

一种方法优先于另一种方法吗?是否存在一种方法脱颖而出的情况?

解决方案

通常，您应该使用require. load每次都会重新加载代码，因此，如果您从多个模块中执行代码，则将需要做很多额外的工作. autoload的懒惰在理论上听起来不错，但是许多Ruby模块执行的功能类似于对其他类进行猴子修补，这意味着程序无关部分的行为可能取决于是否使用了给定的类. /p>

如果您想创建自己的自动重新加载程序，以便每次更改代码或每次有人访问URL时都加载代码(出于开发目的，因此您不必每次都重新启动服务器)，请使用load因为那是合理的.

I understand the subtle differences between require, load and autoload in Ruby, but my question is, how do you know which one to use?

Other than being able to "wrap" a load in an anonymous module, require seems to be preferred.

But then autoload allows you to lazy load files -- which sounds fantastic but I'm not sure practically what you gain over require

Is one method preferred over the other? Is there a situation where one method stands out?

解决方案

Generally, you should use require. load will re-load the code every time, so if you do it from several modules, you will be doing a lot of extra work. The lazyness of autoload sounds nice in theory, but many Ruby modules do things like monkey-patching other classes, which means that the behavior of unrelated parts of your program may depend on whether a given class has been used yet or not.

If you want to make your own automatic reloader that loads your code every time it changes or every time someone hits a URL (for development purposes so you don't have to restart your server every time), then using load for that is reasonable.

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