与Linux中的本机库互操作 [英] Interop with native libraries in linux

问题描述

我正在使用跨平台的C#编写应用程序.它对几个不同的库使用DllImport.它也是x32和x64. 对于我自己编译的.dll/.so，它似乎正常工作.我将x32共享库放在x32子文件夹中，并将x64共享库放在x64子文件夹中.

I am writing an application in C#, which is cross platform. It uses DllImport for several different libraries. It is also both x32 and x64. It seems to work right for my own compiled .dll/.so. I put the x32 shared libraries in the x32 sub-folder, and the x64 shared libraries in the x64 sub-folder.

在通过.net框架的Windows上，我根据当前情况调用SetDllDirectory("x32" or "x64") 运行.在Mono上，通过Windows，Linux或Mac，我在RandomLibrary.dll.config中使用DllMap.它适用于x32或x64目录中的文件.

On windows via .net framework I call SetDllDirectory("x32" or "x64") depending on the current runtime. On mono, either through windows, linux or mac, I use a DllMap, in RandomLibrary.dll.config. It works fine for files that are located in the x32 or x64 directories.

但是，对于未写的库，例如FreeType2，我也使用DllImport.在Windows上，我只是将构建的库推到两个子文件夹中.但是在Linux上，我宁愿使用libfreetype6库，您可以通过友好的本地程序包管理器安装该库.我可以将DllMap链接硬编码为/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libfreetype .so.6，但我认为freetype文件将根据您使用的发行版而改变.

However, I also use DllImport for libraries that I didn't write, such as FreeType2. On windows, I just shove the built libraries in the two sub-folders. However on linux I would rather use the libfreetype6 library that you can install via your friendly local package manager. I can hardcode the DllMap link to /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libfreetype.so.6, but I assume that the freetype file will change depending on what distro you use.

有什么简便的方法可以找到libfreetype.so，而不管我使用的是哪个发行版?

Is there any easy way where it can just find libfreetype.so regardless of what distro I am using?

推荐答案

Mono为此专门设计了一个东西/程序，称为 DllMap .您可以指定在哪个平台上加载哪个非托管libaray.例如:

Mono have a thing/procedure specifically for this, it is called DllMap. You can specify which unmanaged libaray gets loaded on which platform. Eg:

<configuration>
    <dllmap dll="foobar" os="linux" wordsize="64" target="linux/amd64/libfoobar.so" />
    <dllmap dll="foobar" os="linux" wordsize="32" target="linux/i386/libfoobar.so" />
</configuration>

我自己还没有尝试过上述操作-dllmap文档似乎暗示目标值不是路径，但我不确定.

I've not tried the above myself - The dllmap docs seem to hint that the target value isn't a path but I can't be sure.

另一种方法是拥有一个简单的shellscript或批处理文件.在Linux上，shell脚本可以通过调用arch并相应地设置LD_LIBRARY_PATH来轻松确定体系结构.通常，我更喜欢在单声道程序周围使用外壳包装程序(在控制台上看到MyProgram.exe很难看)

Another approach would be to have a simple shellscript or batch file. On linux the shell script could easily work out the architecture by calling arch and set LD_LIBRARY_PATH accordingly. I generally prefer a shell wrapper around my mono programs ( seeing MyProgram.exe on the console feels ugly )

最后，如果您拨入 dlopen 或 LoadLibarary 来预加载您的共享库.

Lastly you might have more fun if you pinvoke into dlopen or LoadLibarary to pre-load your shared libraries.

托管应用启动时，您要确定自己的体系结构，然后在Linux上使用dlopen()，在Windows上使用LoadLibaray().

When your managed app starts you decide what architecture you are and then use dlopen() if on linux or LoadLibaray() if on windows.

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