如何通过Python 3.5.1创建永久的MS Access查询? [英] How to create permanent MS Access Query by Python 3.5.1?

问题描述

我有大约40个MS Access数据库，如果需要创建MS Access查询(如对象)之一或将其从一个数据库传输到其他数据库，则会遇到一些麻烦. 因此，我尝试使用pyodbc解决此问题，但是..如我所见，pyodbc不支持创建新的永久性MS Access查询(对象). 我可以连接到数据库，创建或删除表/行，但是无法创建和保存新查询.

import pyodbc

odbc_driver = r"{Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb, *.accdb)}"

db_test1 = r'''..\Test #1.accdb'''
db_test2 = r'''..\Test #2.accdb'''
db_test3 = r'''..\Test #3.accdb'''
db_test4 = r'''..\Test #4.accdb'''

db_test_objects = [db_test1, db_test2, db_test3, db_test4]

odbc_conn_str = "Driver=%s;DBQ=%s;" % (odbc_driver, db_file)
print (odbc_conn_str)

conn = pyodbc.connect(odbc_conn_str)
odbc_cursor = conn.cursor()

NewQuery = "CREATE TABLE TestTable(symbol varchar(15), leverage double)"

odbc_cursor.execute(NewQuery)
conn.commit()
conn.close()

SO，如何从python创建和保存与对象类似的MS Access查询对象? 我尝试在Google中搜索信息，但答案与运行SQL代码有关.

在VBA上，此代码如下:

Public Sub CreateQueryDefX()

   Dim base(1 To 4) As String
   base(1) = "..\Test #1.accdb"
   base(2) = "..\Test #2.accdb"
   base(3) = "..\Test #3.accdb"
   base(4) = "..\Test #4.accdb"

   For i = LBound(base) To UBound(base)
    CurrentBase = base(i)
    Set dbo = OpenDatabase(CurrentBase)
        With dbo
        Set QueryNew = .CreateQueryDef("TestQuery", _
         "SELECT * FROM TestTable")
         RefreshDatabaseWindow
        .Close
        End With
   Next i

RefreshDatabaseWindow

End Sub

对不起，我的英语不是我的母语:)

顺便说一句，我知道如何通过VBA解决此问题，但是我有兴趣通过python解决此问题.

谢谢.

解决方案

您可以使用 crsr = conn.cursor() sql = """\ CREATE VIEW TestQuery AS SELECT * FROM TestTable """ crsr.execute(sql)

要删除该保存的查询，您只需执行 DROP VIEW 语句.

有关Access中DDL的更多信息，请参见

数据定义语言

I have about 40 MS Access Databases and have some troubles if need to create or transfer one of MS Access Query (like object) from one db to other dbs. So I tried to solve this problem with pyodbc but.. as I saw pyodbc doesn't support to create new, permanent MS Access Query (object). I can connect to db, create or delete tables/rows but can't to create and save new query.

import pyodbc

odbc_driver = r"{Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb, *.accdb)}"

db_test1 = r'''..\Test #1.accdb'''
db_test2 = r'''..\Test #2.accdb'''
db_test3 = r'''..\Test #3.accdb'''
db_test4 = r'''..\Test #4.accdb'''

db_test_objects = [db_test1, db_test2, db_test3, db_test4]

odbc_conn_str = "Driver=%s;DBQ=%s;" % (odbc_driver, db_file)
print (odbc_conn_str)

conn = pyodbc.connect(odbc_conn_str)
odbc_cursor = conn.cursor()

NewQuery = "CREATE TABLE TestTable(symbol varchar(15), leverage double)"

odbc_cursor.execute(NewQuery)
conn.commit()
conn.close()

SO, How to create and save MS Access Query like objects from python? I tried to search info in Google, but the answers were related with Run SQL code.

On VBA this code looks like:

Public Sub CreateQueryDefX()

   Dim base(1 To 4) As String
   base(1) = "..\Test #1.accdb"
   base(2) = "..\Test #2.accdb"
   base(3) = "..\Test #3.accdb"
   base(4) = "..\Test #4.accdb"

   For i = LBound(base) To UBound(base)
    CurrentBase = base(i)
    Set dbo = OpenDatabase(CurrentBase)
        With dbo
        Set QueryNew = .CreateQueryDef("TestQuery", _
         "SELECT * FROM TestTable")
         RefreshDatabaseWindow
        .Close
        End With
   Next i

RefreshDatabaseWindow

End Sub

Sorry for my English, it's not my native :)

By the way, I know how to solve this by VBA, but I'm interested in solve this by python.

Thank you.

解决方案

You can use a CREATE VIEW statement to create a saved Select Query in Access. The pyodbc equivalent to your VBA example would be

crsr = conn.cursor()
sql = """\
CREATE VIEW TestQuery AS
SELECT * FROM TestTable
"""
crsr.execute(sql)

To delete that saved query you could simply execute a DROP VIEW statement.

For more information on DDL in Access see

Data Definition Language

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