如何为同一段设置不同的样式 [英] How to set define different styles for the same paragraph

问题描述

我正在尝试转换html文本以生成单词表.它工作得很好，并且除字符样式外，创建的word文件是正确的.

I'm trying to convert html text to generate a word table. It works pretty well, and the created word file is correct, except the character styles.

这是我第一次尝试使用Apache POI.

This is my first try with Apache POI.

到目前为止，我已经能够从文本段落中检测到新行(< br>)标记(请参见下面的代码).但我也想检查其他一些标签，例如< b>，< li>，< font>.并为每个零件设置正确的运行值.

So far, I was able to detect new line (<br>) tags from text paragraph (see code below). But I'd like to also check a few other tags such as <b>, <li>, <font> and set the right run values for each part.

例如:
这是我的文字< i>现在用斜体b表示.而且还以粗体/b表示.取决于其重要性</i>

我想我应该解析文本，并对每个部分应用不同的运行，但是我不知道该怎么做.

I gess I should parse the text, and apply different runs for each part, but I don't know how to do.

private static  XWPFParagraph getTableParagraph(XWPFTableCell  cell,  String text)
{   
    int fontsize= 11; 
    XWPFParagraph paragraph = cell.addParagraph();
    cell.removeParagraph(0);
    paragraph.setSpacingAfterLines(0);
    paragraph.setSpacingAfter(0);
    XWPFRun myRun1 = paragraph.createRun();
    if (text==null) text="";
    else
    {
        while (true)
        {
            int x = text.indexOf("<br>"); 
            if (x <0) break;
            String work = text.substring(0,x );
            text= text.substring(x+4);
            myRun1.setText(work);
            myRun1.addBreak();
        }
    }

    myRun1.setText(text);
    myRun1.setFontSize(fontsize);
    return paragraph;
}

推荐答案

在转换HTML文本时，永远不要仅使用字符串方法在HTML上进行转换. XML和HTML是标记语言.它们的内容是标记，而不仅仅是纯文本.需要遍历标记以获取所有单个节点及其含义.这种遍历过程绝非易事，因此有特殊的库可供使用.这些库的深处也需要使用字符串方法，但是将它们包装到用于遍历标记的有用方法中.

While converting HTML text one never should go on the HTML using string methods only. XML as well as HTML are markup languages. Their content is markup and not only plain text. The markup needs to be traversed to get all the single nodes together with the meanings out of it. This traversing process never is trivial and so special libraries are there for. Deep inside those libraries also needs using string methods but those are wrapped into useful methods for traversing the markup.

例如，用于遍历HTML jsoup .尤其是 NodeTraversor 使用

For traversing HTML jsoup may be used for example. Especially NodeTraversor using NodeVisitor is useful for traversing HTML.

我的示例创建一个实现NodeVisitor的ParagraphNodeVisitor.该接口请求方法public void head(Node node, int depth)，该方法每次NodeTraversor在节点的头部时都被调用，而public void tail(Node node, int depth)该方法在每次NodeTraversor在节点的尾部时都被调用.在那些方法中，可以实现用于处理单个节点的过程.在我们的案例中，该过程的主要部分是我们是否需要新的XWPFRun以及此运行需要哪些设置.

My example creates a ParagraphNodeVisitor which implements NodeVisitor. This interface requests method public void head(Node node, int depth) which is called every time the NodeTraversor is on head of a node and public void tail(Node node, int depth) which is called every time the NodeTraversor is on tail of a node. In those methods the process for handling the single nodes can be implemented. In our case main part of the process is whether we need a new XWPFRun and what settings this run needs.

示例:

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.*;

import org.jsoup.Jsoup;
import org.jsoup.nodes.Document;
import org.jsoup.nodes.Node;
import org.jsoup.nodes.TextNode;
import org.jsoup.nodes.Element;
import org.jsoup.select.Elements;
import org.jsoup.select.NodeVisitor;
import org.jsoup.select.NodeTraversor;

public class HTMLtoDOCX {

 private XWPFDocument document;

 public HTMLtoDOCX(String html, String docxPath) throws Exception {

  this.document = new XWPFDocument();

  XWPFParagraph paragraph = null;
  Document htmlDocument = Jsoup.parse(html);
  Elements htmlParagraphs = htmlDocument.select("p");
  for(Element htmlParagraph : htmlParagraphs) {

System.out.println(htmlParagraph);

   paragraph = document.createParagraph();
   createParagraphFromHTML(paragraph, htmlParagraph);
  }

  FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(docxPath);
  document.write(out);
  out.close();
  document.close();

 }

 void createParagraphFromHTML(XWPFParagraph paragraph, Element htmlParagraph) {

  ParagraphNodeVisitor nodeVisitor = new ParagraphNodeVisitor(paragraph);
  NodeTraversor.traverse(nodeVisitor, htmlParagraph);

 }

 private class ParagraphNodeVisitor implements NodeVisitor {

  String nodeName;
  boolean needNewRun;
  boolean isItalic;
  boolean isBold;
  boolean isUnderlined;
  int fontSize;
  String fontColor;
  XWPFParagraph paragraph;
  XWPFRun run;

  ParagraphNodeVisitor(XWPFParagraph paragraph) {
   this.paragraph = paragraph;
   this.run = paragraph.createRun();
   this.nodeName = "";
   this.needNewRun = false;
   this.isItalic = false;
   this.isBold = false;
   this.isUnderlined = false;
   this.fontSize = 11;
   this.fontColor = "000000";

  }

  @Override
  public void head(Node node, int depth) {
   nodeName = node.nodeName();

System.out.println("Start "+nodeName+": " + node);

   needNewRun = false;
   if ("#text".equals(nodeName)) {
    run.setText(((TextNode)node).text​());
    needNewRun = true; //after setting the text in the run a new run is needed
   } else if ("i".equals(nodeName)) {
    isItalic = true;
   } else if ("b".equals(nodeName)) {
    isBold = true;
   } else if ("u".equals(nodeName)) {
    isUnderlined = true;
   } else if ("br".equals(nodeName)) {
    run.addBreak();
   } else if ("font".equals(nodeName)) {
    fontColor = (!"".equals(node.attr("color")))?node.attr("color").substring(1):"000000";
    fontSize = (!"".equals(node.attr("size")))?Integer.parseInt(node.attr("size")):11;
   } 
   if (needNewRun) run = paragraph.createRun();
   needNewRun = false;
   run.setItalic(isItalic);
   run.setBold(isBold);
   if (isUnderlined) run.setUnderline(UnderlinePatterns.SINGLE); else run.setUnderline(UnderlinePatterns.NONE);
   run.setColor(fontColor); run.setFontSize(fontSize);
  }

  @Override
  public void tail(Node node, int depth) {
   nodeName = node.nodeName();

System.out.println("End "+nodeName);

   if ("i".equals(nodeName)) {
    isItalic = false;
   } else if ("b".equals(nodeName)) {
    isBold = false;
   } else if ("u".equals(nodeName)) {
    isUnderlined = false;
   } else if ("font".equals(nodeName)) {
    fontColor = "000000";
    fontSize = 11;
   }
   if (needNewRun) run = paragraph.createRun();
   needNewRun = false;
   run.setItalic(isItalic);
   run.setBold(isBold);
   if (isUnderlined) run.setUnderline(UnderlinePatterns.SINGLE); else run.setUnderline(UnderlinePatterns.NONE);
   run.setColor(fontColor); run.setFontSize(fontSize);
  }
 }

 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

  String html = 
   "<p><font size='32' color='#0000FF'><b>First paragraph.</font></b><br/>Just like a heading</p>"
  +"<p>This is my text <i>which now is in italic <b>but also in bold</b> depending on its <u>importance</u></i>.<br/>Now a <b><i><u>new</u></i></b> line starts <i>within <b>the same</b> paragraph</i>.</p>"
  +"<p><b>Last <u>paragraph <i>comes</u> here</b> finally</i>.</p>"
  +"<p>But yet <u><i><b>another</i></u></b> paragraph having <i><font size='22' color='#FF0000'>special <u>font</u> settings</font></i>. Now default font again.</p>";

  HTMLtoDOCX htmlToDOCX = new HTMLtoDOCX(html, "./CreateWordParagraphFromHTML.docx");

 }
}

结果:

免责声明:这是一个显示原理的工作草案.它既未完全准备就绪，也未准备好在生产环境中使用代码.

Disclaimer: This is a working draft showing the principle. Neither it is fully ready nor it is code ready for use in productive environments.

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