证明以下代码不是线程安全的 [英] Proving the following code not thread safe

问题描述

如何通过编写一些代码来快速证明以下类不是线程安全的(因为它使用了惰性初始化而不使用同步)? 换句话说，如果我正在测试以下类的线程安全性，那么如何使它失败?

How can I quickly prove that the following class is not thread-safe (as it uses Lazy Initialization and not using synchronization) by writing some code ? In other words, if I am testing the following class for thread safety, how can I fail it?

public class LazyInitRace {
  private ExpensiveObject instance = null;

  public ExpensiveObject getInstance() {
     if (instance == null)
        instance = new ExpensiveObject();
    return instance;
  }
}

推荐答案

好吧……此代码的结果将为false，在您期望为真的情况下.

Well... The result of this code will be false, where you expect for a true.

import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;

public class LazyInitRace {

    public class ExpensiveObject {
        public ExpensiveObject() {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            }
        }
    }

    private ExpensiveObject instance = null;

    public ExpensiveObject getInstance() {
        if (instance == null)
            instance = new ExpensiveObject();
        return instance;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        final LazyInitRace lazyInitRace = new LazyInitRace();

        FutureTask<ExpensiveObject> target1 = new FutureTask<ExpensiveObject>(
                new Callable<ExpensiveObject>() {

                    @Override
                    public ExpensiveObject call() throws Exception {
                        return lazyInitRace.getInstance();
                    }
                });
        new Thread(target1).start();

        FutureTask<ExpensiveObject> target2 = new FutureTask<ExpensiveObject>(
                new Callable<ExpensiveObject>() {

                    @Override
                    public ExpensiveObject call() throws Exception {
                        return lazyInitRace.getInstance();
                    }
                });
        new Thread(target2).start();

        try {
            System.out.println(target1.get() == target2.get());
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
        }
    }
}

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