关于信号量的问题 [英] Question about semaphore
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问题描述
给出以下代码,您能否找出导致您输入7个字符"出现3次的原因,尤其是 上次吗?
Given the following code, can you figure out what caused "You input 7 characters" showed up 3 times especially the last time?
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <semaphore.h>
void *thread_function(void *arg);
sem_t bin_sem;
#define WORK_SIZE 1024
char work_area[WORK_SIZE];
int main(){
int res;
pthread_t a_thread;
void *thread_result;
res = sem_init(&bin_sem,0,0);
if (res!=0){
perror("Semaphore initialization failed");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
res = pthread_create(&a_thread,NULL,thread_function,NULL);
if (res!=0){
perror("Thread creation failed");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
printf("Input some text. Enter ‘end’ to finish");
while (strncmp("end",work_area,3)!=0){
if(strncmp(work_area,"FAST",4)==0){
sem_post(&bin_sem);
strcpy(work_area,"Wheeee...");
}else{
fgets(work_area,WORK_SIZE,stdin);
}
sem_post(&bin_sem);
}
printf("\nWaiting for thread to finish\n");
res = pthread_join(a_thread,&thread_result);
if(res!=0){
perror("Thread join failed!");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
printf("Thread joined\n");
sem_destroy(&bin_sem);
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
void *thread_function(void* arg){
sem_wait(&bin_sem);
while(strncmp("end",work_area,3)!=0){
printf("You input %d characters\n",strlen(work_area-1));
sem_wait(&bin_sem);
}
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
测试输入/输出:
$ cc -D_REENTRANT thread3a.c -o thread3a -lpthread
$ ./thread3a
Input some text. Enter ‘end’ to finish
Excession
You input 9 characters
FAST
You input 7 characters
You input 7 characters
You input 7 characters
end
Waiting for thread to finish...
Thread joined
推荐答案
键入"FAST"后:
- sem_post(while循环末尾的那个)-> bin-sem = 1
- 测试work_area ==结束(FALSE)
- 测试work_area == FAST(TRUE)
- sem_post-> bin-sem = 2
- work_area = Wheeee ...
- sem_post(while循环末尾的那个)-> bin-sem = 3
- 测试work_area ==结束(FALSE)
- 测试work_area = FAST(FALSE)
- 等待输入
我认为主线程在调用fgets(.. stdin ..)之前具有直到被阻塞的优先级,然后线程函数才能运行并使用信号量令牌.
I think the main thread have the priority till is blocked when it calls fgets(..stdin..), then the thread function can run and consume the semaphore token.
这里有发生的痕迹.
> Input some text.
Main thread :
work_area = ?;
bin_sem = 0;
thread function :
wait on semaphore;
< Excession
Main thread :
work_area = Excession;
bin_sem = 1;
thread function :
work_area == Excession; (!= end)
> You input 9 characters; (1)
bin_sem = 0;
wait on semaphore;
Main thread :
work_area == Excession; (!= end)
work_area == Excession; (!= FAST)
< FAST
bin_sem = 1;
work_area == FAST; (!= end)
work_area == FAST;
bin_sem = 2;
work_area == Wheeee...;
bin_sem = 3;
wait on stdin;
thread function :
work_area == Wheeee...; (!= end)
> You input 7 characters; (Why seven?)
bin_sem = 3-1 = 2;
> You input 7 characters; (Why seven?)
bin_sem = 2-1 = 1;
> You input 7 characters; (Why seven?)
bin_sem = 1-1 = 0;
wait on semaphore;
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