MySQL错误1045(28000):用户'bill'@'localhost'的访问被拒绝(使用密码:是) [英] MySQL ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'bill'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

问题描述

首先，我要提一提的是，我经历了许多建议的问题，但没有找到相关的答案.这就是我在做什么.

First let me mention that I've gone through many suggested questions and found no relevent answer. Here is what I'm doing.

我已连接到我的Amazon EC2实例.我可以使用以下命令以MySQL root登录:

I'm connected to my Amazon EC2 instance. I can login with MySQL root with this command:

mysql -u root -p

然后我创建了一个主机％的新用户账单

Then I created a new user bill with host %

CREATE USER 'bill'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'passpass';

授予用户帐单所有特权:

Granted all the privileges to user bill:

grant all privileges on *.* to 'bill'@'%' with grant option;

然后我从root用户退出，并尝试使用bill登录:

Then I exit from root user and try to login with bill:

mysql -u bill -p

输入正确的密码并出现此错误:

entered the correct password and got this error:

错误1045(28000):用户'bill'@'localhost'的访问被拒绝(使用密码:是)

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'bill'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

推荐答案

您可能有一个匿名用户''@'localhost'或''@'127.0.0.1'.

You probably have an anonymous user ''@'localhost' or ''@'127.0.0.1'.

按照手册:

当可能有多个匹配项时，服务器必须确定哪个 他们使用.它可以按以下方式解决此问题:(...)

When multiple matches are possible, the server must determine which of them to use. It resolves this issue as follows: (...)

• 当客户端尝试连接时，服务器将按排序顺序浏览 [表mysql.user]表的行.
• 服务器使用与客户端主机名和用户名匹配的第一行.

• When a client attempts to connect, the server looks through the rows [of table mysql.user] in sorted order.
• The server uses the first row that matches the client host name and user name.

(...) 服务器使用排序规则，该规则将最特定的主机值排在最前. 文字主机名 [例如'localhost'] 和IP地址是最具体的.

(...) The server uses sorting rules that order rows with the most-specific Host values first. Literal host names [such as 'localhost'] and IP addresses are the most specific.

因此，当从localhost连接时，这样的匿名用户将屏蔽"任何其他用户，例如'[any_username]'@'%'.

Hence, such an anonymous user would "mask" any other user like '[any_username]'@'%' when connecting from localhost.

'bill'@'localhost'确实与'bill'@'%'匹配，但是会事先匹配(例如)''@'localhost'.

'bill'@'localhost' does match 'bill'@'%', but would match (e.g.) ''@'localhost' beforehands.

推荐的解决方案是删除该匿名用户(无论如何通常这样做是一件好事).

The recommended solution is to drop this anonymous user (this is usually a good thing to do anyways).

以下编辑与主要问题无关.这些只是为了回答此主题中其他评论中提出的一些问题.

编辑1

通过套接字验证为'bill'@'%'.

    root@myhost:/home/mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-x86_64# ./mysql -ubill -ppass --socket=/tmp/mysql-5.5.sock
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor (...)

    mysql> SELECT user, host FROM mysql.user;
    +------+-----------+
    | user | host      |
    +------+-----------+
    | bill | %         |
    | root | 127.0.0.1 |
    | root | ::1       |
    | root | localhost |
    +------+-----------+
    4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    mysql> SELECT USER(), CURRENT_USER();
    +----------------+----------------+
    | USER()         | CURRENT_USER() |
    +----------------+----------------+
    | bill@localhost | bill@%         |
    +----------------+----------------+
    1 row in set (0.02 sec)

    mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'skip_networking';
    +-----------------+-------+
    | Variable_name   | Value |
    +-----------------+-------+
    | skip_networking | ON    |
    +-----------------+-------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

编辑2

除了重新激活网络功能外，其他设置完全相同，现在我创建了一个匿名用户''@'localhost'.

Exact same setup, except I re-activated networking, and I now create an anonymous user ''@'localhost'.

    root@myhost:/home/mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-x86_64# ./mysql
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor (...)

    mysql> CREATE USER ''@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'anotherpass';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    mysql> Bye

    root@myhost:/home/mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-x86_64# ./mysql -ubill -ppass \
        --socket=/tmp/mysql-5.5.sock
    ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'bill'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
    root@myhost:/home/mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-x86_64# ./mysql -ubill -ppass \
        -h127.0.0.1 --protocol=TCP
    ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'bill'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
    root@myhost:/home/mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-x86_64# ./mysql -ubill -ppass \
        -hlocalhost --protocol=TCP
    ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'bill'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

编辑3

与编辑2中的情况相同，现在提供了匿名用户的密码.

Same situation as in edit 2, now providing the anonymous user's password.

    root@myhost:/home/mysql-5.5.16-linux2.6-x86_64# ./mysql -ubill -panotherpass -hlocalhost
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor (...)

    mysql> SELECT USER(), CURRENT_USER();
    +----------------+----------------+
    | USER()         | CURRENT_USER() |
    +----------------+----------------+
    | bill@localhost | @localhost     |
    +----------------+----------------+
    1 row in set (0.01 sec)

结论1，来自一个人可以通过套接字认证为'bill'@'%'.

Conclusion 1, from edit 1: One can authenticate as 'bill'@'%'through a socket.

结论2，来自无论是通过TCP还是通过套接字进行连接都不会对身份验证过程产生影响(显然，除了'something'@'localhost'之外，其他人不能通过套接字进行连接).

Conclusion 2, from edit 2: Whether one connects through TCP or through a socket has no impact on the authentication process (except one cannot connect as anyone else but 'something'@'localhost' through a socket, obviously).

结论3，来自尽管我指定了-ubill，但已被授予匿名用户访问权限.这是由于上面建议的排序规则".请注意，在大多数默认安装中，存在没有密码的匿名用户(并且应该固定/移除).

Conclusion 3, from edit 3: Although I specified -ubill, I have been granted access as an anonymous user. This is because of the "sorting rules" advised above. Notice that in most default installations, a no-password, anonymous user exists (and should be secured/removed).

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