从python树中提取父节点和子节点 [英] Extract parent and child node from python tree

问题描述

我正在使用nltk的Tree数据结构.下面是示例nltk.Tree.

I am using nltk's Tree data structure.Below is the sample nltk.Tree.

(S
  (S
    (ADVP (RB recently))
    (NP (NN someone))
    (VP
      (VBD mentioned)
      (NP (DT the) (NN word) (NN malaria))
      (PP (TO to) (NP (PRP me)))))
  (, ,)
  (CC and)
  (IN so)
  (S
    (NP
      (NP (CD one) (JJ whole) (NN flood))
      (PP (IN of) (NP (NNS memories))))
    (VP (VBD came) (S (VP (VBG pouring) (ADVP (RB back))))))
  (. .))

我不知道nltk.Tree数据结构.我想为每个叶节点提取父节点和超级父节点，例如我想要的是最近"(ADVP，RB)，某人"的是(NP，NN).这是我想要的最终结果.早期的答案是使用eval()函数来实现的，这是我想要避免的.

I am not aware of nltk.Tree datastructure. I want to extract the parent and the super parent node for every leaf node e.g. for 'recently' I want (ADVP, RB), and for 'someone' it is (NP, NN)This is the final outcome i want.Earlier answer used eval() function to do so which i want to avoid.

[('ADVP', 'RB'), ('NP', 'NN'), ('VP', 'VBD'), ('NP', 'DT'), ('NP', 'NN'), ('NP', 'NN'), ('PP', 'TO'), ('NP', 'PRP'), ('S', 'CC'), ('S', 'IN'), ('NP', 'CD'), ('NP', 'JJ'), ('NP', 'NN'), ('PP', 'IN'), ('NP', 'NNS'), ('VP', 'VBD'), ('VP', 'VBG'), ('ADVP', 'RB')]

推荐答案

相同的Python代码，无需使用eval函数和nltk树数据结构

Python code for the same without using eval function and using nltk tree datastructure

sentences = " (S
  (S
(ADVP (RB recently))
(NP (NN someone))
(VP
  (VBD mentioned)
  (NP (DT the) (NN word) (NN malaria))
  (PP (TO to) (NP (PRP me)))))
  (, ,)
  (CC and)
  (IN so)
  (S
    (NP
      (NP (CD one) (JJ whole) (NN flood))
      (PP (IN of) (NP (NNS memories))))
    (VP (VBD came) (S (VP (VBG pouring) (ADVP (RB back))))))
  (. .))"

print list(tails(sentences))


def tails(items, path=()):
for child in items:
    if type(child) is nltk.Tree:
        if child.label() in {".", ","}:  # ignore punctuation
            continue
        for result in tails(child, path + (child.label(),)):
            yield result
    else:
        yield path[-2:]

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