gyp WARN EACCES用户"root"没有访问开发目录的权限 [英] gyp WARN EACCES user "root" does not have permission to access the dev dir

问题描述

尝试

sudo npm install protractor -g

并再次发生同样臭名昭著的错误/警告(谷歌无济于事):

and the same notorious error/warning again (googled to no avail):

gyp WARN EACCES user "root" does not have permission to access the dev dir "/Users/dmitrizaitsev/.node-gyp/0.12.0"

尽管是我计算机上的当前节点版本，但似乎在同一安装过程中一次又一次地下载并重建了node version 0.12.0:

What seems to happen is that node version 0.12.0 is downloaded and rebuilt, again and again during the same installation, despite of being the current node version on my machine:

node -v
v0.12.0

问题:

• 目录"/Users/dmitrizaitsev/.node-gyp/0.12.0"实际上丢失了！为什么会有这样的误导性消息?

• The directory "/Users/dmitrizaitsev/.node-gyp/0.12.0" is actually missing! Why such a misleading message?

为什么在node v0.12.0和先前使用node-gyp成功重建期间都没有创建此目录?

Why was this directory not created neither during the node v0.12.0 nor during the previous successful rebuild with node-gyp?

(很明显)如何防止这种情况发生?

(Obviously) How can I prevent this from happening?

如果这很重要，我将运行Mac OSX 10.8.5.

I run Mac OSX 10.8.5 if that is of any importance.

推荐答案

更新.有一种更好的方法-将npm的默认全局目录更改为您已经具有正确权限的用户子目录，这样就无需首先弄乱系统文件的权限或所有权.

UPDATE. There is a better way - changing npm's default global directory to user sub-directory to which you already have correct permissions, so no need to mess with system file's permissions or ownership in first place.

如推荐 https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/fixing-npm-permissions :

1. 为全局安装创建目录:

mkdir ~/.npm-global

1. 配置npm以使用新的目录路径:

npm config set prefix '~/.npm-global'

1. 打开或创建一个~/.profile(或~/.bash_profile等)文件并添加以下行(在文件末尾):

1. Open or create a ~/.profile (or ~/.bash_profile etc) file and add this line (at the end of the file):

export PATH=~/.npm-global/bin:$PATH

1. 在命令行上，更新系统变量:

source ~/.profile

或 source ~/.bash_profile

另请参阅有关该主题的Sindre Sorhus指南: https ://github.com/sindresorhus/guides/blob/master/npm-global-without-sudo.md

See also Sindre Sorhus's guide on the topic: https://github.com/sindresorhus/guides/blob/master/npm-global-without-sudo.md

现在已经弄清楚出了什么问题:

Have now figured what was wrong:

该目录具有错误的权限-该目录不可可写(与可访问"相比，这是一条更好的错误消息).

The directory had wrong permissions - it was not writable (which would have been a better error message than "accessible").

并且因为它不可写，所以使用了一个临时目录，并在每次使用后将其删除，这就是为什么整个下载必须一次又一次地运行的原因.

And because it was not writable, a temporary directory was used and deleted after every use, which is why the whole download had to run again and again.

解决方案是使用

sudo chown -R $USER <directory>

，再也不会sudo npm. 似乎每当您运行sudo npm时，所有创建的子目录都会获得错误的权限，这将在以后导致问题.

and never sudo npm again. It seems whenever you run sudo npm, all subdirectories created get wrong permissions, which will lead to problems later on.

有关详细信息，请参见此处.

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