在python中将以空格分隔的文件转换为逗号分隔的值文件 [英] Convert a space delimited file to comma separated values file in python
问题描述
我对Python很陌生.我知道已经问过这个问题，对此我表示歉意，但是这种新情况的区别在于字符串之间的空格不相等.我有一个名为 coord 的文件，其中包含以下以空格分隔的字符串:
I am very new to Python. I know that this has already been asked, and I apologise, but the difference in this new situation is that spaces between strings are not equal. I have a file, named coord, that contains the following space delimited strings:
1 C 6.00 0.000000000 1.342650315 0.000000000
2 C 6.00 0.000000000 -1.342650315 0.000000000
3 C 6.00 2.325538562 2.685300630 0.000000000
4 C 6.00 2.325538562 -2.685300630 0.000000000
5 C 6.00 4.651077125 1.342650315 0.000000000
6 C 6.00 4.651077125 -1.342650315 0.000000000
7 C 6.00 -2.325538562 2.685300630 0.000000000
8 C 6.00 -2.325538562 -2.685300630 0.000000000
9 C 6.00 -4.651077125 1.342650315 0.000000000
10 C 6.00 -4.651077125 -1.342650315 0.000000000
11 H 1.00 2.325538562 4.733763602 0.000000000
12 H 1.00 2.325538562 -4.733763602 0.000000000
13 H 1.00 -2.325538562 4.733763602 0.000000000
14 H 1.00 -2.325538562 -4.733763602 0.000000000
15 H 1.00 6.425098097 2.366881801 0.000000000
16 H 1.00 6.425098097 -2.366881801 0.000000000
17 H 1.00 -6.425098097 2.366881801 0.000000000
18 H 1.00 -6.425098097 -2.366881801 0.000000000
请注意第一列中每个字符串开头之前的空格.因此，我尝试了以下操作，以将其转换为csv:
Please, note the spaces before the start of each string in the first column. So I have tried the following in order of converting it to csv:
with open('coord') as infile, open('coordv', 'w') as outfile:
outfile.write(infile.read().replace(" ", ", "))
# Unneeded columns are deleted from the csv
input = open('coordv', 'rb')
output = open('coordcsvout', 'wb')
writer = csv.writer(output)
for row in csv.reader(input):
if row:
writer.writerow(row)
input.close()
output.close()
with open("coordcsvout","rb") as source:
rdr= csv.reader( source )
with open("coordbarray","wb") as result:
wtr= csv.writer(result)
for r in rdr:
wtr.writerow( (r[5], r[6], r[7]) )
运行脚本时，在脚本的第一部分中会得到 coordv 的以下内容，这当然是非常错误的:
When I run the script, I get the following for the coordv in the very first part of the script, which is of course very wrong:
, 1, C, , , 6.00, , 0.000000000, , 1.342650315, , 0.000000000
, 2, C, , , 6.00, , 0.000000000, -1.342650315, , 0.000000000
, 3, C, , , 6.00, , 2.325538562, , 2.685300630, , 0.000000000
, 4, C, , , 6.00, , 2.325538562, -2.685300630, , 0.000000000
, 5, C, , , 6.00, , 4.651077125, , 1.342650315, , 0.000000000
, 6, C, , , 6.00, , 4.651077125, -1.342650315, , 0.000000000
, 7, C, , , 6.00, -2.325538562, , 2.685300630, , 0.000000000
, 8, C, , , 6.00, -2.325538562, -2.685300630, , 0.000000000
, 9, C, , , 6.00, -4.651077125, , 1.342650315, , 0.000000000
, 10, C, , , 6.00, -4.651077125, -1.342650315, , 0.000000000
, 11, H, , , 1.00, , 2.325538562, , 4.733763602, , 0.000000000
, 12, H, , , 1.00, , 2.325538562, -4.733763602, , 0.000000000
, 13, H, , , 1.00, -2.325538562, , 4.733763602, , 0.000000000
, 14, H, , , 1.00, -2.325538562, -4.733763602, , 0.000000000
, 15, H, , , 1.00, , 6.425098097, , 2.366881801, , 0.000000000
, 16, H, , , 1.00, , 6.425098097, -2.366881801, , 0.000000000
, 17, H, , , 1.00, -6.425098097, , 2.366881801, , 0.000000000
, 18, H, , , 1.00, -6.425098097, -2.366881801, , 0.000000000
我在.replace中尝试了各种可能性，但均未成功，到目前为止，我还没有找到有关如何执行此操作的任何信息来源.从此 coord 文件获取逗号分隔值的最佳方法是什么?我感兴趣的是在python中使用csv模块选择第4:6列，最后使用numpy如下导入它们:
I have tried different possibilities in .replace without any success, and so far I haven't found any source of information on how I could do this. What would be the best way to get a comma-separated values from this coord file? What I'm interested is in using then the csv module in python to choose columns 4:6 and finally use numpy to import them as follows:
from numpy import genfromtxt
cocmatrix = genfromtxt('input', delimiter=',')
如果有人可以帮助我解决这个问题，我将感到非常高兴.
I'd be very glad if somebody could help me with this problem.
推荐答案
将其替换为第一行. 它不是很漂亮，但是会为您提供csv格式.
replace your first bit with this. it's not super pretty but it will give you a csv format.
with open('coord') as infile, open('coordv', 'w') as outfile:
for line in infile:
outfile.write(" ".join(line.split()).replace(' ', ','))
outfile.write(",") # trailing comma shouldn't matter
如果您希望输出文件将所有内容放在不同的行上，则可以添加
outfile.write("\n")在for循环的末尾，但是我不认为您后面的代码可以像这样使用它.
if you want the outfile to have everything on different lines you could add
outfile.write("\n") at the end of the for loop, but i dont think your code that follows this will work with it like that.
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