ValueError:序列太大；不能大于32 [英] ValueError: sequence too large; cannot be greater than 32

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问题描述

我写了这段代码:

from Crypto.Cipher import AES
import numpy as np
import cv2, base64

BLOCK_SIZE = 16
PADDING = '{'

pad = lambda s: s + (BLOCK_SIZE - len(s) % BLOCK_SIZE) * PADDING

EncodeAES = lambda c, s: base64.b64encode(c.encrypt(pad(s)))
DecodeAES = lambda c, e: c.decrypt(base64.b64decode(e)).rstrip(PADDING)

secret = "youwanttoknowmysecretdontyouhaha"
cipher = AES.new(secret)

video = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
a = 0

while True:
    a = a + 1

    check, frame = video.read()

    encrypted = EncodeAES(cipher, str(frame))

    img = DecodeAES(cipher, encrypted)

    cv2.imshow("Capturing", np.ndarray(img))
    key = cv2.waitKey(1)

    if key == ord('q'):
        break

但是它不能像预期的那样工作.

But it doesnt work like it supposed to.

我希望它播放我的实时摄像机，但它给我以下错误:

I want it to play my live camera, but it gives me the following error:

回溯(最近一次通话最后一次):文件"tester.py"，第28行，在 cv2.imshow("Captureing"，np.ndarray(img))ValueError:序列太大；不能大于32

Traceback (most recent call last): File "tester.py", line 28, in cv2.imshow("Capturing", np.ndarray(img)) ValueError: sequence too large; cannot be greater than 32

我真的很想知道我做错了什么，不只给我解决方案，而是请我解释一下，我仍然在学习

I really would like to know what Im doing wrong and dont give me only the solution but explain to please, im still learning

编辑

我使用python 2.7

I use python 2.7

编辑

以下代码有效，但是我在主机将加密后的密码发送到另一台计算机的程序中使用了它.在这种情况下，您不能使用frame.dtype.

The following code works, but I use it in a program where the host sends the encrypted to an other computer. In this case you cant use frame.dtype.

from Crypto.Cipher import AES
import numpy as np
import cv2, base64

BLOCK_SIZE = 16
PADDING = '{'

pad = lambda s: s + (BLOCK_SIZE - len(s) % BLOCK_SIZE) * PADDING

EncodeAES = lambda c, s: base64.b64encode(c.encrypt(pad(s)))
DecodeAES = lambda c, e: c.decrypt(base64.b64decode(e)).rstrip(PADDING)

secret = "youwanttoknowmysecretdontyouhaha"
cipher = AES.new(secret)

video = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
a = 0

while True:
    a = a + 1

    check, frame = video.read()

    encrypted = EncodeAES(cipher, frame.tobytes())

    decrypted = DecodeAES(cipher, encrypted)

    img = np.frombuffer(decrypted, dtype=frame.dtype).reshape(frame.shape)

    cv2.imshow("Capturing", img)
    key = cv2.waitKey(1)

    if key == ord("q"):
        break

video.release()

但是我可以将frame.dtype发送到另一台计算机.

However I can send frame.dtype to the other computer.

当我将frame.dtype和frame_shape的加密形式发送到计算机并对其进行解密并在其中使用时，出现以下错误

When I send the the encrypted form of frame.dtype and frame_shape to the computer and decrypt it and use it there, I get the following error

img = np.frombuffer(decod_ed, dtype=img_dtype).reshape(img_shape)
TypeError: data type "ûÿùùÖÿùÖÿùÖÿÖÖÿÖÖÿÜÜÖøøÜ£ÜÖ£ÜÖÜÜÖÜÜÖÿÜÜÿÜÜÿÜøÖø£øøøøøøØ£ÿØ£ÿØ£ÿƒ×ÜØ×Ü×ƒøØƒÖøØùØØùØØùƒ£ÿ×øùƒ£ÿƒ£ÿƒøÜƒøÜíØ£íØ£íØ£ó×Øó×Øó×Øóƒøóƒøúá£óƒøáƒøáƒø×ƒø×ƒø£ƒø£ƒø£ƒø£ƒøƒ×ÜáƒøúíøúíøÑáøÑáøñ×øÑƒ£ñØ×Ñ×ƒñáƒñáƒóíØíá£áó£ƒíø×áÜ×áÜøƒÖ£áÜ£ƒø£ƒøƒØ£ƒØ£á×Øá×ØØØ£ØØ£××Øƒƒ×ƒƒ×××Ø×ƒø×ƒø£ƒø£ƒø£×Ø£×Ø£×Ø£×ØØá£Øá£ØíøØíøáó£áó£×ó£ØíøÜƒøù£ÿôÜÿôÜÿÿÜÜÿÜÜøøøØØØíƒ×óáƒíƒ×íƒ×óáƒóáƒñúƒñúƒªÑíñúƒñúƒñúƒúó×úó×úó×úó×óó£óó£úñøúñøúúØññ×óñ×óñ×óúƒóúƒóóíóóíóúƒñÑíóªááñ××ñ××ñ××úƒáÑí×ºá×ºá£ñƒ£ñƒáúƒáúƒññúóóíúíáúíáííáññúññúññúñÑíñÑíóúƒñÑíñÑíñÑíóÑíóÑíóúƒóúƒñÑíñÑíñÑíóúƒáúƒóÑíóÑíáúƒƒó×áúƒóÑíóÑíóÑíáúƒáúƒƒó×ƒó××íØØíøØíøØóÖØóÖØíø£áÜááÜƒƒÖíƒÖƒØùØ×òƒáùØáùÜØöÜØöÜØöÖ×òÿØöù£ôù£ôûÜöûÜööÜööÜöÆøöÆøööÜööÜöûÜööÿÆûùôûùôÿûòûöôÆöôöûòöûòöûòöûòÆöôÉòæÉòæÉûÉÉûÉÅòÅÅòÅæòÅÉöÄÉöÄÉöÄÉöÄÅôìÉÆîÅæïææïÉÉèÉÅåÉÅåîÅåèìäçîâåïéêîüêîüçï~çï~àïÇàïÇë|å|" not understood

推荐答案

我假设 frame 是

I'm assuming that frame is a [SciPy.Docs]: numpy.ndarray. There are 2 problems. Below is an example:

code00.py :

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import sys
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
import numpy as np
import cv2
import base64


BLOCK_SIZE = 16
PADDING = b"{"

pad = lambda s: s + (BLOCK_SIZE - len(s) % BLOCK_SIZE) * PADDING

EncodeAES = lambda c, s: base64.b64encode(c.encrypt(pad(s)))
DecodeAES = lambda c, e: c.decrypt(base64.b64decode(e)).rstrip(PADDING)

CIPHER_MODE = AES.MODE_CBC
SECRET = b"youwanttoknowmysecretdontyouhaha"


def main():

    img0 = cv2.imread("c:/valmand.png")
    encrypt_cipher = AES.new(SECRET, CIPHER_MODE)  # Python 2: AES.new(SECRET)
    print("Original image data - Type: {:}, Size: {:d}, Attrs: {:}".format(type(img0), img0.size, img0.shape))
    img_stream_wrong = str(img0).encode()
    print("\nWrong img0 stream length: {:}".format(len(img_stream_wrong)))
    print("\nWrong img0 stream: {:}".format(img_stream_wrong))
    img_stream = img0.tobytes()
    print("\nCorrect img0 stream length: {:}".format(len(img_stream)))
    encrypted = EncodeAES(encrypt_cipher, img_stream)
    print("\nEncrypted length: {:d}".format(len(encrypted)))
    decrypt_cipher = AES.new(SECRET, CIPHER_MODE)  # Python 2: AES.new(SECRET)
    decrypted = DecodeAES(decrypt_cipher, encrypted)
    print("\nDecrypted length: {:d}".format(len(decrypted)))
    img1 = np.frombuffer(decrypted, dtype=img0.dtype).reshape(img0.shape)
    print("\nFinal image data - Type: {:}, Size: {:d}, Attrs: {:}".format(type(img1), img1.size, img1.shape))
    #cv2.imshow("Capturing", img1)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("Python {:s} on {:s}\n".format(sys.version, sys.platform))
    main()

注释:

我简化了示例，仅加载图像

由于我没有在 Python 2 上安装所有必需的软件包，因此我使用了 Python 3 .这就是为什么需要进行一些与问题无关的更改的原因:

从 string 切换为 bytes

AES 更改:

AES.new签名已更改( [ReadTheDocs.PyCryptodome]:AES )

相同的密码在用于加密后不能再用于解密，因此请创建具有相同属性的另一个密码(也许有一些更简洁的方法，但是我没有花太多时间在上面) li>

I simplified the example to only load an image

Since I don't have all the required packages installed on Python 2, I used Python 3. That's why some changes unrelated to the question were required:

Switch from string to bytes

AES changes:

AES.new signature changed ([ReadTheDocs.PyCryptodome]: AES)

Same cipher can't be used for decryption after it was used for encryption, so create another with the same properties (maybe there's some cleaner way of doing this, but I didn't spend too much time on it)

错误:

如所见，在 ndarray 上应用 str ，可以方便地表示该 ndarray ，而不是其内容，因此它将 语法上正确，但语义上错误

要解决此问题，应使用其 tobytes 方法
对阵列进行正确的序列化

As seen, applying str on an ndarray, gives a user friendly representation of that ndarray, rather than its contents, so it will be syntactically correct, but semantically wrong

To fix that, the array should be properly serialized using its tobytes method

相反，在尝试反序列化时，在字节流上调用 ndarray 构造函数(它被悄悄地转换为 tuple int s的em>-构造函数期望-与流的长度相同)

Conversely, when deserialization is attempted, the ndarray constructor is invoked on the byte stream, (which is silently converted to a tuple of ints - that the constructor expects - having the same length as the stream)

这里的问题是构造函数不接受大于 32 的序列:

The problem here is that the constructor doesn't accept sequences larger than 32:

>>> np.ndarray([0] * 32) array([], shape=(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), dtype=float64) >>> np.ndarray([0] * 33) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> ValueError: sequence too large; cannot be greater than 32

要修复此问题，请 [SciPy.Docs]:应该使用numpy.frombuffer .为了使新的 ndarray 等于原始的 ，还需要2件事(原始数据需要数据):

To fix it, [SciPy.Docs]: numpy.frombuffer should be used. For the new ndarray to be equal to the original one, 2 more things are required (data needed from the original):

应指定其 dtype (默认为 float ，我们需要 uint8 )

需要重塑

Its dtype should be specified (default is float and we need uint8)

Needs to be reshaped

输出:

e:\Work\Dev\StackOverflow\q054326620>"e:\Work\Dev\VEnvs\py_064_03.06.08_test0\Scripts\python.exe" code00.py Python 3.6.8 (tags/v3.6.8:3c6b436a57, Dec 24 2018, 00:16:47) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32 Original image data - Type: <class 'numpy.ndarray'>, Size: 1493331, Attrs: (799, 623, 3) Wrong img0 stream length: 629 Wrong img0 stream: b'[[[255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]\n ...\n [255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]]\n\n [[255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]\n ...\n [255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]]\n\n [[255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]\n ...\n [255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]]\n\n ...\n\n [[255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]\n ...\n [255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]]\n\n [[255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]\n ...\n [255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]]\n\n [[255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]\n ...\n [255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]\n [255 255 255]]]' Correct img0 stream length: 1493331 Encrypted length: 1991128 Decrypted length: 1493331 Final image data - Type: <class 'numpy.ndarray'>, Size: 1493331, Attrs: (799, 623, 3)

@ EDIT0 :

@EDIT0:

显然，存在一些兼容性问题.我使用 Python 3 和 pycrpytodome 3.7.2 开发了答案.我升级到最新版本( 3.7.3 )，也将其安装在 Python 2 上，并且上面的代码有效.这是我在控制台中得到的:

Apparently, there are some compatibility problems. I developed the answer using Python 3 and pycrpytodome 3.7.2. I upgraded to latest (3.7.3), I've also installed it on Python 2, and the code above works. Here's what I get in the console:

>>> from Crypto.Cipher import AES >>> AES <module 'Crypto.Cipher.AES' from 'e:\Work\Dev\VEnvs\py_064_02.07.15_test0\lib\site-packages\Crypto\Cipher\AES.pyc'> >>> AES.new("") Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> TypeError: new() takes at least 2 arguments (1 given) >>> import Crypto >>> Crypto.__version__ '3.7.3'

因此，您可能有一个非常旧的 pycryptodome 版本.无论如何，我会盲目发布您的代码所需的更改，以合并这些修复程序( while 循环仅):

So, you probably have a terribly old pycryptodome version. Anyway, I'm blindly posting the changes required by your code, to incorporate the fixes (the while loop only):

# The rest of your code (exactly as in the question) while True: a = a + 1 check, frame = video.read() original_meta = frame.dtype.name, frame.shape encrypted_meta = EncodeAES(cipher, bytes(original_meta)) encrypted_data = EncodeAES(cipher, frame.tobytes()) # Here is the separation decrypted_meta = DecodeAES(cipher, encrypted_meta) decrypted_data = DecodeAES(cipher, encrypted_data) meta = ast.literal_eval(decrypted_meta) img = np.frombuffer(decrypted_data, dtype=np.dtype(meta[0])).reshape(meta[1]) cv2.imshow("Capturing", img) key = cv2.waitKey(1) if key == ord("q"): break

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ValueError:序列太大；不能大于32 [英] ValueError: sequence too large; cannot be greater than 32

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ValueError:序列太大；不能大于32 [英] ValueError: sequence too large; cannot be greater than 32

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