在scikit-learn中的数据集上绘制决策树 [英] Plot decision tree over dataset in scikit-learn
问题描述
我一直在尝试将测试随机分为测试集和训练集，并在5层深的决策树上进行训练，并绘制决策树.
I've been trying to divide randomly into test and train sets my dataset and train on a 5 deep decision tree and plot the decision tree.
P.s.我不允许使用熊猫.
P.s. I'm not allowed to use pandas to do so.
这是我尝试做的事情:
import numpy
from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeClassifier
from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score
from sklearn import tree
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
filename = 'diabetes.csv'
raw_data = open(filename, 'rt')
data = numpy.loadtxt(raw_data, delimiter=",", skiprows=1)
print(data.shape)
X = data[:,0:8] #identify columns as data sets
Y = data[:, 9] #identfy last column as target
print(X)
print(Y)
X_train, X_test, Y_train, Y_test = train_test_split(
X, Y, test_size=0.25)
treeClassifier = DecisionTreeClassifier(max_depth=5)
treeClassifier.fit(X_train, Y_train)
with open("treeClassifier.txt", "w") as f:
f = tree.export_graphviz(treeClassifier, out_file=f)
我的输出是:
(768, 10)
[[ 6. 148. 72. ... 33.6 0.627 50. ]
[ 1. 85. 66. ... 26.6 0.351 31. ]
[ 8. 183. 64. ... 23.3 0.672 32. ]
...
[ 5. 121. 72. ... 26.2 0.245 30. ]
[ 1. 126. 60. ... 30.1 0.349 47. ]
[ 1. 93. 70. ... 30.4 0.315 23. ]]
[1. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 1. 1. 0. 1. 0. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 1.
1. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0.
1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0.
1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0.
0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 1. 0. 0. 1. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0.
1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1.
0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0.
0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 0. 0.
1. 1. 0. 1. 0. 1. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 1.
1. 0. 1. 1. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 1. 1. 0.
0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0.
1. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 1.
0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 1. 0. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 1. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0.
1. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 1. 1. 1. 0. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0.
0. 1. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 1. 0. 1.
1. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
0. 0. 1. 1. 1. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 0. 1. 1. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0.
1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0.
0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 1. 1. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1.
0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0.
1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0.
0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0.
0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 1. 1. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.
0. 1. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 0.
0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0.
0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1.
1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 1. 1. 1. 1. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0.
0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 1.
1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 1.
0. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 1. 0. 0. 1.
0. 0. 1. 0. 1. 1. 1. 0. 0. 1. 1. 1. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 1. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1. 0.]
以下是我希望生成的树看起来像的一个示例:
Here is an example of what I want the resulting tree to look like:
我遇到的问题是在我的树中，我没有获得'class = 0 \ class = 1'属性.我认为问题可能出在Y = data[:, 9]部分，第9列对它是0还是1进行了分类-这是class属性，但是我看不到有任何方法可以对其进行更改以使其出现在树中;也许tree.export_graphviz函数中的某些内容?我是否缺少参数?任何帮助将不胜感激.
The problem I'm having is that in my tree, I don't get the 'class=0\ class=1' attribute. I thought the problem might be in the Y = data[:, 9] part, the 9th column classifies if it's a 0 or a 1 -- this is the class attribute, but I don't see any way to change it to make it appear in the tree; maybe something in the tree.export_graphviz function? Am I missing a parameter? Any help would be appreciated.
推荐答案
如果替换
tree.export_graphviz(treeClassifier, out_file=f)
使用
tree.export_graphviz(treeClassifier, class_names=['0', '1'], out_file=f)
你应该很好.
例如，
import graphviz
import numpy as np
from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeClassifier
from sklearn import tree
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
np.random.seed(42)
X = np.random.random((100, 8))
Y = np.random.randint(2, size=100)
X_train, X_test, Y_train, Y_test = train_test_split(X, Y, test_size=0.25)
tree_classifier = DecisionTreeClassifier(max_depth=5)
tree_classifier.fit(X_train, Y_train)
dot_data = tree.export_graphviz(tree_classifier, class_names=['0', '1'], out_file=None)
graph = graphviz.Source(dot_data)
graph
要使其看起来更像您引用的示例，可以使用
To make it look even more like the example you refer to, you can use
tree.export_graphviz(treeClassifier, class_names=['0', '1'],
filled=True, rounded=True, out_file=f)
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