Objective-C enumerateObjectsUsingBlock与快速枚举? [英] Objective-C enumerateObjectsUsingBlock vs fast enumeration?
问题描述
以下两种方法的优缺点是什么?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of the following two approaches:
enumerate using block
NSArray *myArray = [NSArray new];
[myArray enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(id anObject, NSUInteger idx, BOOL *stop) {
if (anObject == someOtherObject) {
[anObject doSomething:idx];
*stop = YES;
}
}];
fast enumeration
NSArray *myArray = [NSArray new];
int idx = 0
for (id anObject in myArray) {
if (anObject == someOtherObject) {
[anObject doSomething:idx];
break;
}
++idx;
}
推荐答案
This blog post covers the major differences. In summary:
- 快速枚举在OS X 10.5+上可用,块在10.6+上可用
- 对于简单枚举,快速枚举比基于块的枚举要快
- 使用基于块的枚举比使用快速枚举更容易(并且性能更高)
- 在
NSDictionary
上进行枚举时,您可以使用基于块的枚举数次获得键和值,而在快速枚举中,必须使用键在单独的消息发送中检索值.
- Fast enumeration is available on OS X 10.5+, blocks are available on 10.6+
- For simple enumeration, fast enumeration is a bit faster than block-based enumeration
- It's easier (and more performant) to do concurrent or reverse enumeration with block-based enumeration than with fast enumeration
- When enumerating over an
NSDictionary
you can get key and value in one hit with a block-based enumerator, whereas with fast enumeration you have to use the key to retrieve the value in a separate message send.
关于最后一点(NSDictionary枚举),请进行以下比较:
Regarding the last point (NSDictionary enumeration), compare this:
for (id key in dictionary)
{
id obj = [dictionary objectForKey: key];
// do something with key and obj
}
对此:
[dictionary enumerateKeysAndObjectsUsingBlock: ^(id key, id obj, BOOL *stop) {
// do something with key and obj
}];
此外,这两种方法都可以防止可变集合在枚举循环内发生突变.有趣的是,如果您尝试在基于块的枚举中对集合进行突变,则会得到CoreFoundation的__NSFastEnumerationMutationHandler
引发的异常,这表明存在一些通用代码.
In addition, both methods protect mutable collections from mutation inside the enumeration loop. Interestingly, if you try to mutate the collection inside a block-based enumeration, you get an exception thrown by CoreFoundation's __NSFastEnumerationMutationHandler
, suggesting that there's some common code under the hood.
NSMutableArray *myArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:@"a", @"b", nil];
[myArray enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(id anObject, NSUInteger idx, BOOL *stop) {
// Attempt to mutate the array during enumeration
[myArray addObject:@"c"];
}];
输出:
2011-12-14 22:37:53.716 Untitled[5809:707] *** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSGenericException', reason: '*** Collection <__NSArrayM: 0x109614190> was mutated while being enumerated.'
*** First throw call stack:
(
0 CoreFoundation 0x00007fff8cca7286 __exceptionPreprocess + 198
1 libobjc.A.dylib 0x00007fff8319ad5e objc_exception_throw + 43
2 CoreFoundation 0x00007fff8cd311dc __NSFastEnumerationMutationHandler + 172
3 CoreFoundation 0x00007fff8cc9efb4 __NSArrayEnumerate + 612
4 Untitled 0x00000001094efcea main + 250
5 Untitled 0x00000001094efbe4 start + 52
6 ??? 0x0000000000000001 0x0 + 1
)
terminate called throwing an exceptionRun Command: line 1: 5809 Abort trap: 6 ./"$2"
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