在Objective-C中使用全局变量 [英] Using global variables in Objective-C
问题描述
首先，我尝试了stackoverflow中提供的几乎所有解决方案，但是我没有成功实现全局变量，甚至进行了逐步教程，但仍然遇到相同的错误.
First of all, I tried almost all the solutions given in stackoverflow but I didn't succeed in implement global vars, I even did a step by step tutorial and still I get the same errors.
问题出在这里:
我有一个具有多个视图的程序，我想在所有视图上使用变量， 所以我使用了全局变量，
I have a program with severals views, I'd like to use variables on all of the views, so I used global variables,
我有:
GlobalVars.h
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
extern NSArray *truckBoxes;
extern NSArray *farmerlist;
extern NSString *farmerCardNumber;
extern NSString *fName;
@interface GlobalVars : NSObject
{
}
@end
GlobalVars.m
#import "GlobalVars.h"
NSArray *farmerlist;
NSArray *truckBoxes;
NSString *farmerCardNumber;
NSString *fName;
@implementation GlobalVars
{
}
@end
我将文件包含在类中(该类已连接到视图控制器):
在.h文件下，我添加#import "GlobalVars.h
I include the file in the class (that is connected to the view controller):
under the .h file I add #import "GlobalVars.h
我可以从整个应用程序访问farmerlist和truckBoxes，但不能访问fName或farmerCardNumber.
I can access farmerlist and truckBoxes from all over the app, but cant access fName or farmerCardNumber.
我可以写farmerCardNumber并从同一视图读取，但是如果以后尝试从另一视图访问它，则会得到
I can write to farmerCardNumber and read from the same view, but if I try to access it later on from another view I get
2013-10-26 11:11:45.612 C3Cms[10427:70b] Branch : 11558
2013-10-26 11:11:59.459 C3Cms[10427:70b] -[__NSArrayM length]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x8b7fbc0
2013-10-26 11:11:59.463 C3Cms[10427:70b] *** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: '-[__NSArrayM length]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x8b7fbc0'
*** First throw call stack:
(
0 CoreFoundation 0x02a3b5e4 __exceptionPreprocess + 180
1 libobjc.A.dylib 0x014d58b6 objc_exception_throw + 44
2 CoreFoundation 0x02ad8903 -[NSObject(NSObject) doesNotRecognizeSelector:] + 275
3 CoreFoundation 0x02a2b90b ___forwarding___ + 1019
4 CoreFoundation 0x02a2b4ee _CF_forwarding_prep_0 + 14
5 Foundation 0x00f0db2d -[NSConcreteMutableAttributedString replaceCharactersInRange:withString:] + 39
6 Foundation 0x00f0e79a -[NSConcreteMutableAttributedString initWithString:attributes:] + 293
7 UIKit 0x001e8116 -[UILabel _setText:] + 97
8 UIKit 0x001e82d4 -[UILabel setText:] + 40
9 C3Cms 0x00001c1d -[printForm viewDidLoad] + 77
10 UIKit 0x0014e9a8 -[UIViewController loadViewIfRequired] + 696
11 UIKit 0x0014ec44 -[UIViewController view] + 35
12 UIKit 0x00168a72 -[UINavigationController _startCustomTransition:] + 778
13 UIKit 0x00175757 -[UINavigationController _startDeferredTransitionIfNeeded:] + 688
14 UIKit 0x00176349 -[UINavigationController __viewWillLayoutSubviews] + 57
15 UIKit 0x002af39d -[UILayoutContainerView layoutSubviews] + 213
16 UIKit 0x000a5dd7 -[UIView(CALayerDelegate) layoutSublayersOfLayer:] + 355
17 libobjc.A.dylib 0x014e781f -[NSObject performSelector:withObject:] + 70
18 QuartzCore 0x030d772a -[CALayer layoutSublayers] + 148
19 QuartzCore 0x030cb514 _ZN2CA5Layer16layout_if_neededEPNS_11TransactionE + 380
20 QuartzCore 0x030cb380 _ZN2CA5Layer28layout_and_display_if_neededEPNS_11TransactionE + 26
21 QuartzCore 0x03033156 _ZN2CA7Context18commit_transactionEPNS_11TransactionE + 294
22 QuartzCore 0x030344e1 _ZN2CA11Transaction6commitEv + 393
23 QuartzCore 0x03034bb4 _ZN2CA11Transaction17observer_callbackEP19__CFRunLoopObservermPv + 92
24 CoreFoundation 0x02a0353e __CFRUNLOOP_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_AN_OBSERVER_CALLBACK_FUNCTION__ + 30
25 CoreFoundation 0x02a0348f __CFRunLoopDoObservers + 399
26 CoreFoundation 0x029e13b4 __CFRunLoopRun + 1076
27 CoreFoundation 0x029e0b33 CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 467
28 CoreFoundation 0x029e094b CFRunLoopRunInMode + 123
29 GraphicsServices 0x029979d7 GSEventRunModal + 192
30 GraphicsServices 0x029977fe GSEventRun + 104
31 UIKit 0x0003b94b UIApplicationMain + 1225
32 C3Cms 0x00002882 main + 130
33 libdyld.dylib 0x019bc70d start + 1
)
libc++abi.dylib: terminating with uncaught exception of type NSException
推荐答案
一种实现全局变量，管理其生存期(即它们已初始化)甚至提供全局方法的方法是实现一个暴露那些变量的类. /方法并使用单例模式:
One way to implement global variables, and to manage their lifetime (i.e. that they are initialized) and even to provide global methods is to implement a class exposing those variables/methods and to use the singleton pattern:
GlobalVars.h:
GlobalVars.h:
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface GlobalVars : NSObject
{
NSMutableArray *_truckBoxes;
NSMutableArray *_farmerlist;
NSString *_farmerCardNumber;
NSString *_fName;
}
+ (GlobalVars *)sharedInstance;
@property(strong, nonatomic, readwrite) NSMutableArray *truckBoxes;
@property(strong, nonatomic, readwrite) NSMutableArray *farmerList;
@property(strong, nonatomic, readwrite) NSString *farmerCardNumber;
@property(strong, nonatomic, readwrite) NSString *fName;
@end
GlobalVars.m:
GlobalVars.m:
#import "GlobalVars.h"
@implementation GlobalVars
@synthesize truckBoxes = _truckBoxes;
@synthesize farmerList = _farmerList;
@synthesize frameCardNumber = _frameCardNumber;
@synthesize fName = _fName;
+ (GlobalVars *)sharedInstance {
static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
static GlobalVars *instance = nil;
dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
instance = [[GlobalVars alloc] init];
});
return instance;
}
- (id)init {
self = [super init];
if (self) {
_truckBoxes = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
_farmerlist = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
// Note these aren't allocated as [[NSString alloc] init] doesn't provide a useful object
_farmerCardNumber = nil;
_fName = nil;
}
return self;
}
@end
然后，您可以像下面这样使用这些全局变量:
You can then use these global variables like this, for example:
GlobalVars *globals = [GlobalVars sharedInstance];
globals.fName = @"HelloWorld.txt";
[globals.farmerList addObject:@"Old Macdonald"];
[self processList:[globals farmerList]];
但是，请考虑:
- 您不需要使用这样的全局变量；您应该能够创建一个根据需要创建的模型对象，并将对它的引用传递给视图.这是MVC.
- 您还发布了一个无关问题的堆栈跟踪，这在Objective-C中非常常见；一旦意识到这是什么，就只能修复此错误.
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