面向对象的PHP最佳实践 [英] Object Oriented PHP Best Practices

问题描述

说我有一个代表人的类，该类中的变量将是$ name.

Say I have a class which represents a person, a variable within that class would be $name.

以前，在我的脚本中，我将创建对象的实例，然后仅使用以下命令设置名称:

Previously, In my scripts I would create an instance of the object then set the name by just using:

$object->name = "x";

但是，有人告诉我这不是最佳实践吗?我应该有一个函数set_name()或类似的东西:

However, I was told this was not best practice? That I should have a function set_name() or something similar like this:

function set_name($name)
{
    $this->name=$name;
}

这正确吗?

如果在此示例中，我想在数据库中插入一个新的人"记录，那么如何将有关人的所有信息(即$ name，$ age，$ address，$ phone等)传递给该类，以便插入它，我应该这样做:

If in this example I want to insert a new "person" record into the db, how do I pass all the information about the person ie $name, $age, $address, $phone etc to the class in order to insert it, should I do:

function set($data)
{
    $this->name= $data['name'];
    $this->age = $data['age'];
    etc
    etc

}

然后发送一个数组?这是最佳做法吗?还是有人可以推荐最佳做法?

Then send it an array? Would this be best practice? or could someone please recommend best practice?

推荐答案

为对象的属性使用显式getter和setter(例如您为set_name给出的示例)，而不是直接访问它们会给您(除其他外)具有以下优点:

Using explicit getters and setters for properties on the object (like the example you gave for set_name) instead of directly accessing them gives you (among others) the following advantages:

• 您可以更改内部"实现，而无需修改任何外部调用.这种外部"代码不需要经常更改(因为您提供了一致的访问方式).
• 您非常明确地提供了要在类外部使用/调用的属性.如果其他人开始使用您的课程，这将非常有用.

以上原因是为什么这样做虽然不是真正不必要的原因，但仍可以被认为是最佳实践(并且在某些用途中可能被认为是过大的；例如，当您的对象很少进行处理"时) "，但仅充当数据"的占位符.)

The above reasons is why this could be considered best practice although it's not really necessary to do so (and could be considered overkill for some uses ; for example when your object is doing very little 'processing' but merely acts as a placeholder for 'data').

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