封装和抽象概念之间的区别 [英] difference between encapsulation and abstraction concepts

问题描述

可能重复:
抽象VS信息隐藏VS封装

Possible Duplicate:
Abstraction VS Information Hiding VS Encapsulation

有人可以向我解释面向对象程序设计中封装和抽象原理之间的主要区别(如果可能的话，还可以提供示例).

Can somebody explain to me the main differences between the principles of encapsulation and abstraction in objected-oriented programming (if possible with examples).

推荐答案

示例:

// NO ABSTRACTION, NO ENCAPSULATION
const int catLegs = 4;
const int spiderLegs = 8;

Leg[] catLegs;
Leg[] spiderLegs;

void MakeCatRun(Distance b) { for (int i=0; i<catLegs; ++i) catLegs[i] += b; }
void MakeSpiderRun(Distance b) { for (int i=0; i<spiderLegs; ++i) spiderLegs[i] += b; }

封装:

// ENCAPSULATION
class Cat
{
    Leg[] legs;
    int nLegs;

    public void Run(Distance b) { for (int i=0; i < nLegs; ++i) leg[i] += b; }
}

class Spider
{
    Leg[] legs;
    int nLegs;

    public void Run(Distance b) { for (int i=0; i < nLegs; ++i) leg[i] += b; }
}

抽象:

 // ABSTRACTION
    class LivingBeing
    {
        Leg[] legs;
        int nLegs;

        public void Run(Distance b) { for (int i=0; i < nLegs; ++i) leg[i] += b; }
    }

    class Cat: LivingBeing       {        }

    class Spider: LivingBeing   {    }

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