openSSL rsautl和dgst之间的区别 [英] Difference between openSSL rsautl and dgst

问题描述

以下命令为输入文件生成签名:

The following command generates a signature for an input file:

openssl dgst -sha1 -sign privateKey.pem -out signature1 someInputFile

以下命令还为输入文件生成签名:

The following commands also generates a signature for an input file:

openssl dgst -binary -sha1 someInputFile > digest
openssl rsautl -sign -in digest -inkey privateKey.pem -out signature2

据我所知，它们都应创建文件SHA1摘要的RSA签名.但是它们不会生成相同的签名.

As far as I know, they should both create the RSA signature of a SHA1 digest of the file. But they don't generate the same signature.

结果，使用方法2生成的签名也无法通过openssl dgst -verify调用进行验证.

As a result, the signature generated with method 2 can also not be verified by an openssl dgst -verify call.

有人知道区别是什么，如何克服?

Does somebody know what the difference is, and how that can be overcome?

推荐答案

简单的答案是dgst -sign创建一个哈希，ASN1对其进行编码，然后对ASN1编码的哈希进行签名，而rsautl -sign只是对输入进行签名而无需哈希或ASN1编码.两种方法都将输出数据与签名一起包含在输出中，而不是仅将签名作为输出.这是一个Bash脚本，显示了openssl dgst -sign和openssl rsautl -sign之间的区别.

The simple answer is that dgst -sign creates a hash, ASN1 encodes it, and then signs the ASN1 encoded hash, whereas rsautl -sign just signs the input without hashing or ASN1 encoding. Both methods include the input data in the output, together with the signature, rather than producing only a signature as output. Here is a Bash script that shows the difference between openssl dgst -sign and openssl rsautl -sign.

#!/bin/bash
# @(#) Bash script demos difference between openssl rsautl and dgst signing
# Usage: $0 <name of file to sign> <private key file, without passphrase>

# 1. Make an ASN1 config file

cat >asn1.conf <<EOF
asn1 = SEQUENCE:digest_info_and_digest

[digest_info_and_digest]
dinfo = SEQUENCE:digest_info
digest = FORMAT:HEX,OCT:`openssl dgst -sha256 $1 |cut -f 2 -d ' '`

[digest_info]
algid = OID:2.16.840.1.101.3.4.2.1
params = NULL

EOF

# If you are wondering what the "algid = OID:2.16.840.1.101.3.4.2.1" is, it's
# the SHA256 OID, see http://oid-info.com/get/2.16.840.1.101.3.4.2.1

# 2. Make a DER encoded ASN1 structure that contains the hash and
# the hash type
openssl asn1parse -i -genconf asn1.conf -out $1.dgst.asn1

# 3. Make a signature file that contains both the ASN1 structure and
# its signature
openssl rsautl -sign -in $1.dgst.asn1 -inkey $2 -out $1.sig.rsa

# 4. Verify the signature that we just made and ouput the ASN structure
openssl rsautl -verify -in $1.sig.rsa -inkey $2 -out $1.dgst.asn1_v

# 5. Verify that the output from the signature matches the original
# ASN1 structure
diff $1.dgst.asn1 $1.dgst.asn1_v

# 6. Do the equivalent of steps 1-5 above in one "dgst" command
openssl dgst -sha256 -sign $2 -out $1.sig.rsa_dgst $1

# 7. Verify that the signature file produced from the rsautl and the dgst
# are identical
diff $1.sig.rsa $1.sig.rsa_dgst

请参阅我对OP的上述评论.

See my comment above to the OP for the credits.

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