如何在不重新启动R的情况下卸载软件包 [英] How to unload a package without restarting R

问题描述

我想卸载程序包而不必重新启动R(主要是因为在我尝试不同的方法时重新启动R，令人沮丧的程序包变得令人沮丧，但是可以想象，这可以在程序中使用以使用一个功能，然后使用另一个功能- -尽管名称空间引用可能是一种更好的用法).

I'd like to unload a package without having to restart R (mostly because restarting R as I try out different, conflicting packages is getting frustrating, but conceivably this could be used in a program to use one function and then another--although namespace referencing is probably a better idea for that use).

?library没有显示任何将卸载软件包的选项.

?library doesn't show any options that would unload a package.

有一个建议 >可以卸载程序包，但以下两种操作均失败:

There is a suggestion that detach can unload package, but the following both fail:

detach(vegan)

detach(vegan)中的错误:无效的name参数

Error in detach(vegan) : invalid name argument

detach("vegan")

detach("vegan")中的错误:无效的name参数

Error in detach("vegan") : invalid name argument

那我该如何卸载包裹?

推荐答案

尝试一下(有关更多详细信息，请参见?detach):

Try this (see ?detach for more details):

detach("package:vegan", unload=TRUE)

---

有可能一次加载一个软件包的多个版本(例如，如果您在不同的库中有开发版本和稳定版本).为了确保所有副本均已分离，请使用此功能.

---

It is possible to have multiple versions of a package loaded at once (for example, if you have a development version and a stable version in different libraries). To guarantee that all copies are detached, use this function.

detach_package <- function(pkg, character.only = FALSE)
{
  if(!character.only)
  {
    pkg <- deparse(substitute(pkg))
  }
  search_item <- paste("package", pkg, sep = ":")
  while(search_item %in% search())
  {
    detach(search_item, unload = TRUE, character.only = TRUE)
  }
}

例如，用法是

detach_package(vegan)

或

detach_package("vegan", TRUE)

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