python:不同包装下名称相同的两个模块和类 [英] python: Two modules and classes with the same name under different packages

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问题描述

我已经开始学习python并编写练习应用程序.目录结构看起来像

I have started to learn python and writing a practice app. The directory structure looks like

src
 |
 --ShutterDeck
    |
    --Helper
       |
       --User.py -> class User
    --Controller
       |
       --User.py -> class User

src目录位于PYTHONPATH中.在另一个文件中,假设main.py,我想访问两个User类.我该怎么办.

The src directory is in PYTHONPATH. In a different file, lets say main.py, I want to access both User classes. How can I do it.

我尝试使用以下方法,但失败了:

I tried using the following but it fails:

import cherrypy
from ShutterDeck.Controller import User
from ShutterDeck.Helper import User

class Root:
  @cherrypy.expose
  def index(self):
    return 'Hello World'

u1=User.User()
u2=User.User()

那肯定是模棱两可的.我能想到的另一种(c ++方式)是

That's certainly ambiguous. The other (c++ way of doing it) way that I can think of is

import cherrypy
from ShutterDeck import Controller
from ShutterDeck import Helper

class Root:

  @cherrypy.expose
  def index(self):
    return 'Hello World'

u1=Controller.User.User()
u2=Helper.User.User()

但是运行上述脚本时,会出现以下错误

But when above script is run, it gives the following error

u1=Controller.User.User()
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'User'

我无法弄清楚为什么会出错?目录ShutterDeckHelperController中包含__init__.py.

I'm not able to figure out why is it erroring out? The directories ShutterDeck, Helper and Controller have __init__.py in them.

推荐答案

您要导入包__init__.py文件中的User模块,以使其可用作属性.

You want to import the User modules in the package __init__.py files to make them available as attributes.

因此在Helper/__init_.pyController/__init__.py中都添加:

from . import User

这使模块成为包的属性,您现在可以这样引用它.

This makes the module an attribute of the package and you can now refer to it as such.

或者,您必须自己完全导入模块:

Alternatively, you'd have to import the modules themselves in full:

import ShutterDeck.Controller.User
import ShutterDeck.Helper.User

u1=ShutterDeck.Controller.User.User()
u2=ShutterDeck.Helper.User.User()

所以用他们的全名来指代他们.

so refer to them with their full names.

另一种选择是使用as重命名导入的名称:

Another option is to rename the imported name with as:

from ShutterDeck.Controller import User as ControllerUser
from ShutterDeck.Helper import User as HelperUser

u1 = ControllerUser.User()
u2 = HelperUser.User()

这篇关于python:不同包装下名称相同的两个模块和类的文章就介绍到这了,希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持IT屋!

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