Python Pandas从宽到长格式更改(带有列标题拆分) [英] Python Pandas Wide to Long Format Change with Column Titles Spliting

问题描述

我有一个表，其中包含以下列标题和一个行示例:

I have a table with the following columns titles and a row example:

  Subject  Test1-Result1  Test1-Result2  Test2-Result1  Test2-Result2
0    John             10            0.5             20            0.3

我想将其转换为:

  Subject level_1  Result1  Result2
0    John   Test1       10      0.5
1    John   Test2       20      0.3

对于Test1，重复一次主题列表，然后对于Test2，再次重复主题列表.

With the subjects list repeated once for Test1 and then again for Test2.

我想我可以使用for循环来做到这一点，但是还有更多的Python方式吗?

I think I can do this using for loops, but it's there a more pythonic way?

对于额外的复杂性，我需要为每个测试添加一列额外的信息.我想我可以使用字典，但是如何在每个对应的行中插入有关Test1的信息?

For extra complexity, I need to add an extra column of information for each test. I suppose I can use a dictionary, but how can I insert the information about, say Test1, in each corresponding row?

推荐答案

您可以将列拆分为多索引列，然后重塑数据框架:

You can split your columns into a multi-index column and then reshape your data frame:

df.set_index('Subject', inplace=True)
df.columns = df.columns.str.split("-", expand=True)
df.stack(level=0).rename_axis(['Subject', 'Test']).reset_index()

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