如何用引号将逗号分隔的键值对拆分 [英] How to split comma-separated key-value pairs with quoted commas

问题描述

我知道关于解析逗号分隔值的其他文章很多，但是我找不到拆分键-值对并处理引号逗号的文章.

I know there are a lot of other posts about parsing comma-separated values, but I couldn't find one that splits key-value pairs and handles quoted commas.

我有这样的字符串:

age=12,name=bob,hobbies="games,reading",phrase="I'm cool!"

我想得到这个:

{
  'age': '12',
  'name': 'bob',
  'hobbies': 'games,reading',
  'phrase': "I'm cool!",
}

我尝试这样使用shlex:

lexer = shlex.shlex('''age=12,name=bob,hobbies="games,reading",phrase="I'm cool!"''')
lexer.whitespace_split = True
lexer.whitespace = ','
props = dict(pair.split('=', 1) for pair in lexer)

问题在于shlex会将hobbies条目拆分为两个令牌，即hobbies="games和reading".有没有办法使双引号考虑在内?还是我可以使用另一个模块?

The trouble is that shlex will split the hobbies entry into two tokens, i.e. hobbies="games and reading". Is there a way to make it take the double quotes into account? Or is there another module I can use?

修复了whitespace_split

我不依赖于使用shlex.正则表达式也很好，但是我不知道如何处理匹配的引号.

EDIT 2: I'm not tied to using shlex. Regex is fine too, but I didn't know how to handle the matching quotes.

推荐答案

您只需要在POSIX模式下使用shlex词法分析器即可.

You just needed to use your shlex lexer in POSIX mode.

在创建词法分析器时添加posix=True.

Add posix=True when creating the lexer.

(请参见 shlex解析规则)

lexer = shlex.shlex('''age=12,name=bob,hobbies="games,reading",phrase="I'm cool!"''', posix=True)
lexer.whitespace_split = True
lexer.whitespace = ','
props = dict(pair.split('=', 1) for pair in lexer)

输出:

{'age': '12', 'phrase': "I'm cool!", 'hobbies': 'games,reading', 'name': 'bob'}

PS:只要输入可以包含带引号的=或,字符，则正则表达式将无法解析键值对.即使预处理字符串，也无法使输入由正则表达式进行解析，因为不能将这种输入形式化地定义为正则语言.

PS : Regular expressions won't be able to parse key-value pairs as long as the input can contain quoted = or , characters. Even preprocessing the string wouldn't be able to make the input be parsed by a regular expression, because that kind of input cannot be formally defined as a regular language.

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