使用python和selenium从html代码中获取url [英] Fetch url from html code with python and selenium

问题描述

在此

In this question I was helped to address a dropdown menu in a table. However, I wish to fetch the url from the source code which is:

<a href="#" onclick="window.open('/consultas/util/pdf.php?type=rdd&amp;rdd=nYgT5Rcvs2I%3D');return false;">PDF</a>

并将其存储在列表中，而不是像现在那样单击它.上面代码中的链接是/consultas/util/pdf.php?type=rdd&rdd=nYgT5Rcvs2I%3D.但是，我需要在每个获取的链接http://digesto.asamblea.gob.ni之前添加一个，以完成链接.

and store it in a list, instead of clicking on it as it is currently done. The link in the above code is /consultas/util/pdf.php?type=rdd&rdd=nYgT5Rcvs2I%3D. However, I would need to add before each fetched link http://digesto.asamblea.gob.ni to complete the link.

我该如何实现?

这是我当前的脚本，也是网站 http://digesto.asamblea.gob.ni/consultas/coleccion/:

This is my current script and this the website http://digesto.asamblea.gob.ni/consultas/coleccion/:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# A small script to download issues of the Gaceta de Nicaragua (1843-1960) 19758 issues

import logging
from selenium.webdriver.remote.remote_connection import LOGGER
LOGGER.setLevel(logging.WARNING)

import os
import sys
import time
import shutil
import urllib
from subprocess import call
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains

profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile() # profile to prevent download manager
profile.set_preference("network.cookie.cookieBehavior", 0) # accept all cookies
profile.set_preference("network.cookie.lifetimePolicy", 0) # accept cookies
profile.set_preference("network.cookie.alwaysAcceptSessionCookies", 1) # always allow sess
profile.set_preference("browser.download.folderList", 2)
profile.set_preference("browser.link.open_newwindow", 1) # open tabs in same window
profile.set_preference("browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting", False)
profile.set_preference("browser.download.dir", 'Downloads/')
profile.set_preference("browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk", 'image/jpeg;application/jpeg;image/jpg;application/jpg')

url = 'http://digesto.asamblea.gob.ni/consultas/coleccion/' # web page
print('Opening digesto.asamblea.gob.ni...')

driver = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_profile=profile)
driver.get(url) # open url

driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="cavanzada"]').click() # advanced menu
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//select[@id='slcCollection']/option[text()='Diario Oficial']").click()
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//select[@id='slcMedio']/option[text()='Gaceta Oficial']").click() # change journal name here

inputElement = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="txtDatePublishFrom"]')
inputElement.send_keys('01/01/1844') # change start date

inputElement = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="txtDatePublishTo"]')
inputElement.send_keys('31/12/1860') # change end date

time.sleep( 5 ) # wait for Human Captcha Insertion

inputElement.send_keys(Keys.ENTER) # search

time.sleep( 2 ) # wait to load

select_element = Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="slcResPage"]')) # page count
select_element.select_by_value('50') # max 50

time.sleep( 1 ) # wait to load

table_id = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'tableDocCollection')
rows = table_id.find_elements_by_css_selector("tbody tr") # get all table rows
for row in rows:
    row.find_element_by_css_selector('button').click()
    row.find_element_by_css_selector('li a[onclick*=pdf]').click() # .get_attribute("href")
    list_of_links = driver.current_url
    driver.close() # quit() #close window
    print(list_of_links)

免责声明::使用脚本时，您需要手动输入验证码，而无需按Enter键即可继续执行脚本.

Disclaimer: when using the script you need to type the captcha by hand without pressing enter for the script to continue.

推荐答案

以/开头的相对链接来自顶级域，例如http://digesto.asamblea.gob.ni在您的情况下；另一方面，如果不以此开头，则来自当前页面.在您抓取链接的循环内，将代码更改为此:

Relative links starting off with / are from the top-level domain, e.g. http://digesto.asamblea.gob.ni in your case; on the other hand, if they don't start with that, they are from the current page. Inside the loop where you're scraping the links, change the code to this:

list_of_links = []    # will hold the scraped links
tld = 'http://digesto.asamblea.gob.ni'
current_url = driver.current_url   # for any links not starting with /
for row in rows:
    row.find_element_by_css_selector('button').click()
    link = row.find_element_by_css_selector('li a[onclick*=pdf]').get_attribute("href")
    if link.startswith('/'):
        list_of_links.append(tld + link)
    else:
        list_of_links.append(current_url + link)

    # at this point the dropdown will be visible, and will interfere with the next loop cycle
    # click again in it, so the menu closes
    row.find_element_by_css_selector('button').click()

print(list_of_links)

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