如何在Perl中检测操作系统? [英] How can I detect the operating system in Perl?

问题描述

我在Mac，Windows和Ubuntu上都有Perl.如何从脚本中分辨出哪个是哪个?预先感谢.

I have Perl on Mac, Windows and Ubuntu. How can I tell from within the script which one is which? Thanks in advance.

编辑:有人问我在做什么.它是脚本，是我们跨平台构建系统的一部分.该脚本递归目录并找出要构建的文件.有些文件是特定于平台的，因此，在Linux上，我不想构建以_win.cpp等结尾的文件.

I was asked what I am doing. It is a script, part of our cross-platform build system. The script recurses directories and figures out what files to build. Some files are platform-specific, and thus, on Linux I don't want to build the files ending with _win.cpp, etc.

推荐答案

检查 $^O 变量，它将包含操作系统的名称:

Examine the $^O variable which will contain the name of the operating system:

print "$^O\n";

在Linux上打印linux，在Windows上打印MSWin32.

Which prints linux on Linux and MSWin32 on Windows.

如果您还可以使用名称 $OSNAME 来引用此变量.使用英语模块:

You can also refer to this variable by the name $OSNAME if you use the English module:

use English qw' -no_match_vars ';
print "$OSNAME\n";

根据 perlport ，您还可以使用 Config 核心模块，该模块可以提供相同的信息(以及还有很多):

You can also use the Config core module, which can provide the same information (and a lot more):

use Config;

print "$Config{osname}\n";
print "$Config{archname}\n";

在我的Ubuntu机器上打印的内容:

Which on my Ubuntu machine prints:

linux
i486-linux-gnu-thread-multi

请注意，此信息基于Perl是构建的系统，不一定是Perl当前正在运行的系统( $OSNAME )；操作系统可能不会有所不同，但是某些信息(如体系结构名称)可能会有所不同.

Note that this information is based on the system that Perl was built, which is not necessarily the system Perl is currently running on (the same is true for $^O and $OSNAME); the OS won't likely be different but some information, like the architecture name, may very well be.

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