如何替换不在链接标签内的字符串? [英] How can I replace strings NOT within a link tag?

问题描述

我正在研究此PHP函数.这个想法是将出现在字符串中的某些单词包装到某些标签中(单词和标签都在数组中给出).它可以正常工作，但是当这些单词出现在链接的文本或其"src"属性中时，链接当然会断开并填充标签，或者生成不应该包含在链接内的标签.这就是我现在拥有的:

I am working on this PHP function. The idea is to wrap certain words occuring in a string into certain tags (both, words and tags, given in an array). It works OK!, but when those words occur into a linked text or its 'src' attribute, then of course the link is broken and stuffed with tags, or tags that should not be inside a link are generated. This is what I have now:

function replace() {
  $terminos = array (
  "beneficios" => "h3",
  "valoracion" => "h2",
  "empresarios" => "h2",
  "tecnologias" => "h2",
  "...and so on..." => "etc",
  );

  foreach ($terminos as $key => $value)
  {
  $body = "string where the word empresarios should be replaced; but the word <a href='http://www.empresarios.com'>empresarios</a> should not be replaced inside <a> tags nor in the URL of their 'src' attribute.";
  $tagged = "<".$value.">".$key."</".$value.">";
  $result = str_replace($key, $tagged, $body);
  }
}

在此示例中，该函数应返回"string where the word <h2>empresarios</h2> should be replaced; but the word <a href='http://www.empresarios.com'>empresarios</a> should not be replaced inside <a> tags nor in the URL of their 'src' attribute."

The function, in this example, should return "string where the word <h2>empresarios</h2> should be replaced; but the word <a href='http://www.empresarios.com'>empresarios</a> should not be replaced inside <a> tags nor in the URL of their 'src' attribute."

我希望此替换功能可以在整个字符串中正常工作，但不能在其属性的 nor 标记内！

I'd like this replacement function to work all throught the string, but not inside tags nor in its attributes!

(我想做以下线程中提到的事情，只是我不需要的是javascript，而在PHP中是:/questions/1666790/how-to-replace-text-not-within-a-specific-tag-in-javascript)

(I'd like to do what is mentioned in the following thread, it's just that it's not in javascript what I need, but in PHP: /questions/1666790/how-to-replace-text-not-within-a-specific-tag-in-javascript)

推荐答案

使用DOM并仅修改文本节点:

Use the DOM and only modify text nodes:

$s = "foo <a href='http://test.com'>foo</a> lorem bar ipsum foo. <a>bar</a> not a test";
echo htmlentities($s) . '<hr>';

$d = new DOMDocument;
$d->loadHTML($s);

$x = new DOMXPath($d);
$t = $x->evaluate("//text()");

$wrap = array(
    'foo' => 'h1',
    'bar' => 'h2'
);

$preg_find = '/\b(' . implode('|', array_keys($wrap)) . ')\b/';

foreach($t as $textNode) {
    if( $textNode->parentNode->tagName == "a" ) {
        continue;
    }

    $sections = preg_split( $preg_find, $textNode->nodeValue, null, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE);

    $parentNode = $textNode->parentNode;

    foreach($sections as $section) {  
        if( !isset($wrap[$section]) ) {
            $parentNode->insertBefore( $d->createTextNode($section), $textNode );
            continue;
        }

        $tagName = $wrap[$section];
        $parentNode->insertBefore( $d->createElement( $tagName, $section ), $textNode );
    }

    $parentNode->removeChild( $textNode );
}

echo htmlentities($d->saveHTML());

根据需要进行了编辑，以将DOMText替换为DOMText和DOMElement.

Edited to replace DOMText with DOMText and DOMElement as necessary.

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