在代码中安装python模块 [英] Installing python module within code

问题描述

我需要直接在脚本中从PyPi安装软件包. 也许有一些模块或distutils(distribute，pip等)功能使我可以执行类似pypi.install('requests')的操作，并且请求将被安装到我的virtualenv中.

I need to install a package from PyPi straight within my script. Maybe there's some module or distutils (distribute, pip etc.) feature which allows me to just execute something like pypi.install('requests') and requests will be installed into my virtualenv.

推荐答案

从脚本安装软件包的官方推荐方法是通过子进程调用pip的命令行界面. 此处给出的大多数其他答案均不受pip支持.此外，从pip v10开始，所有代码都已精确地移到了pip._internal，以便向用户明确表示不允许以编程方式使用pip.

The officially recommended way to install packages from a script is by calling pip's command-line interface via a subprocess. Most other answers presented here are not supported by pip. Furthermore since pip v10, all code has been moved to pip._internal precisely in order to make it clear to users that programmatic use of pip is not allowed.

使用sys.executable确保您将调用与当前运行时关联的相同pip.

Use sys.executable to ensure that you will call the same pip associated with the current runtime.

import subprocess
import sys

def install(package):
    subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, "-m", "pip", "install", package])

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